Сяопин Джоу / Элисон — Книга 2: Самоцвет истинного намерения (Панчен Лодро Лексанг о «Виная-сутре»), занятие 15

[ШАПКА ДЛЯ ЦИТИРОВАНИЯ]
Курс: Xiaoping Zhou / Alison — Book 2: The Gemstone of True Intent (Panchen Lodru Leksang on the Vinaya Sutra) — Diamond Cutter Classics
Урок: Занятие 15 (по плейлисту Session 15) — почему 8 видов обетов пратимокши сводятся к 4-5 категориям по сущности (в т.ч. смена пола), деление на мирские/оставившие мир, разбор термина «пратимокша» (первая/индивидуальная свобода), дебат МУ-ШИ МУ-СУМ
Ведёт: Геше Майкл Роуч, Элисон Сяопин Джоу (перевод на китайский)
Дата и место: 03.03.2025, место не указано
Источник: YouTube, канал Diamond Cutter Classics, плейлист PL1KVm5jgTljRBpdDsc-GnPM-ab-9EEPLy; расшифровка TurboScribe
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[Speaker 1]
Everyone today is I'm the host for today. You know what's today. How many days we have been FGM.

Hello, Amy. Cool. Good morning.

Okay. Yes, I can. Good morning.

So I see the feedback now. Good morning. Good morning.

Good morning. So, the Chinese channel is okay interpreter. Okay.

Let me see. You're looking good, Patty. Oh yes.

Hi Nick.

[Speaker 2]
This morning we will have the reader will have our meditation class. Professor penny. I don't know if you check last minute change we will have mixed nuts.

I'm sorry. We. Yes, sorry, shouldn't some tower.

And so, yeah, that's the class we're having and we are one minute to start. Correct.

[Speaker 1]
Okay. Yes, then I passed to to Professor Nick. If you want.

Yeah, you can you're welcome to announce it also you're doing great. You can do it at the same time. Okay, one.

I'm just kidding. Each Nissan. Well, we are going.

Hello everybody from SCM and all of our Schwann songs tower participants. And thank you, Penny, for getting this going. And today, we're having a special presentation for everybody.

Instead of the usual, we are going to have the Schwann songs tower translators the mixed nuts. I have a class and guessing Michael is going to lead us into class. During this time.

The first one is going to be covering a text that shopping is translating and the next class that then we'll have a little break with some practical as applications of the text. And then 15 minutes of the peach tree world news. And then after that, we'll have another class for guessing Michael is going to give us a special presentation from illumination of the true thought.

So I'm really looking forward to this. And are you there guessing Michael? I don't know, I guess.

You're somewhere. I guess there is relative. There they are.

Looks so quaint with the cherry blossoms in the background. Yeah. We bought some plastic ones in case they don't bloom in Kyoto.

They'll appreciate it. Okay, I'm turning it over to my boss. How do I do that, CG?

Can I just share my screen? You don't have to open it. Like this?

Can people see? Yes. Wait a second.

CG, can we see on this screen also? Yeah, if you prefer to see that on this one. Make sure that everybody agrees with the point.

Special thanks to the SCIM staff and the worldview productions team for accommodating these changes. They are working together. Yeah, for cooperation.

Yeah. Okay, Xiaoping, you're on. Okay, brief homework today.

Only one big question. It's a long list, but important list. So in our last class on January 24, 25, sorry, 2025.

So the author outlined the 10 categories of Vinaya. So please list them. Anybody remember?

Number one, intermediate nuns' vows.

[Speaker 2]
Definitions.

[Speaker 1]
The definitions, the divisions. Yes. How they're groomed.

Explanation of the terms, causes, conditions, results, essence. What kind of state are you in at the time, and how do they function? Oh, you're looking at your notes, right?

I almost forgot it. That's almost $100. Yeah, yeah, yeah.

$10 each. Okay, yeah. Yes, is the representative we chose today.

We couldn't hear her online, so if we could spend a sec just to look it over. You want to tell them? Oh, okay, okay.

I'll repeat. You got to fix this one. M-T-S-A-N.

First one. Yeah. Okay.

Oh, sorry. Okay, let's review that one more time. First one, zany, definition.

Talk about the definition of Pratimoksha vow. Second, yewa, talk about the divisions, meaning different kinds of Pratimoksha vow. Third one, duwa, refers to different types of vows.

Fourth one, explanation of the terms. Fifth one, cause. Sixth one, conditions.

Seventh, result. What's the result of breaking the Pratimoksha vow? Low essence, meaning what's the essential nature of Vinaya or Pratimoksha vow?

Ninth, what kind of state you are at that time? Tenth, how does the vow function? That's all.

Yeah. Okay. Good.

Yeah, okay. Yay, vocabulary. Vocabulary.

That's nice. Chaloet Sutra. Messed up morality?

Yup. Immorality, really. Can we say bad behavior?

You can say bad behavior. Okay. Okay.

Second one and third one, we covered them just now. Anybody remember? That was a long time ago.

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
We just covered them twice. Cause and condition. Cause and condition.

Yeah, cause and condition. We covered them here. But that was a long time ago.

Okay. What's the cause and condition for how to keep the vow? I'm not sure, but I think it might be...

We haven't covered that yet. We haven't got there yet.

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
You need to come to the future Vinaya classes. Okay. It might be ordination and stuff like that.

Ceremony, maybe. We'll see. Okay.

[Speaker 2]
Three paragraphs.

[Speaker 1]
Wow. Who translated? Okay.

Who translated this? Gibson. Ah, Gibson.

Nice job. The vows are fun. I just didn't hear it.

DGE SLONG GYI SDONG PA LAS NI BU ZHIG MI NUNG Just the third line. The sentence of the sentence is the DGE SLONG MED SDONG PA. It's the vows of the nun.

You see what I mean? Yeah. Then how should the sentence change?

The vows of a nun are? Not distinct from. Yeah.

Okay. So in Tibetan, the word order should be reversed. DGE SLONG GYI SDONG PA LAS KYANG Then the same is true of the next one.

DGE SLONG MA LANG GYI RTZA LAS NUNG ZHIG MI YIN NO Good. The lifetime vows of a layman are not distinct. DGE SLONG GYI SDONG PA LAS KYANG Lifetime vows of a layman are.

Yeah, good. What's the point of this sentence? To explain why they put them into the same category?

It says this is true because. What was the sentence before that? I got it here.

Oh, okay. Last class, right? Anyway, he said there are eight different pratimoksha vows.

But if you group them, there's only four or five groups because you can put the male and female together. And then you can put the intermediate nun in with the novice nun and monk. So essentially, there's only that many.

And now he's going to prove that, which is very interesting proof. All right, next. Furthermore, the vows mentioned above essentially.

Who's going to read it, Shantanu? Oh, okay, okay. I was thinking to remind you.

GAL LO MA RTZEN RGYUD PA NA RGYAS SU PA NI HO RGYAS NYAN THAMS NA NI PHANG ZUN ZAN RGYUD PA NA PHANG ZUN DU MING PHA'O PO BA YIN PA'I PHYIR DE Nice. So you know the word PO BA from dying and moving on. Transfer.

And it has the same meaning here. Change. Yeah, change is over.

So let's read the translation. Furthermore, the vows mentioned above essentially belong to the same group in a sequential manner. Yeah.

When the two of the fully ordained monk and nun change their gender, they exchange the name of the vow, meaning if a nun becomes a man or if a man becomes a woman, they just change the name of their vow. Instead of calling them a monk, you call them a nun and like that. Which means 2,500 years ago, it was not unknown to change your gender.

In fact, I think it was a lot more common in those times. Were there like surgeries or something?

[Speaker 2]
That I don't know.

[Speaker 1]
I don't know the details. Or are they just doing it in name? I am a man now or I am a woman now.

I suspect some of them are considered, I think, spontaneous. Like a person grows an extra organ. I think that was the main idea.

And then your energy changes from male to female, like that, or female to male. So then you become a, you were a monk and now you're a nun. I think you don't have to take the vow over again.

Therefore, that proves that the full ordination, whether it's male or female, is one essence. When you divide the vows by essence, there's only five essential categories. Geshe-la, then what's the intermediate?

That's a great question and it's coming up right here. DGE SLONG PHA MA GNYIS SO The fully ordained monk and nun just changed their title. Instead of calling him a nun, you call him a monk.

PHAN TSUN MING PO You just switch names. DGE MTSUL PHA MA, that's easy. Novice monk or nun, you just change it to novice monk or nun.

PHAN TSUN MING PO But now you got a problem with the intermediate nun because there's no intermediate monk. They said when the DGE SLONG MA changes her gender, her name changes to DGE MTSUL, back to novice monk. So, yeah.

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
An intermediate nun becomes a novice monk if she changes her name or changes her gender. You're supposed to put the phone on your knee and drop it. No, I'm just kidding.

DGE MTSUL PHA MA GNYIS PHAN TSUN ZANG RGYUR That's easy. One day vow. Sorry, lifetime layman, lifetime.

ZANG RGYUR NA PHAN TSUN MING PO BA'I MI CHUD That proves that those are essentially the same vow. And so if you divide it by types of people, how many you get? I think eight if you include one day vow, which you don't split into male and female.

And then essentially you get four or five different categories because the male and female are equivalent because they can even interchange. And they don't need to attend the ceremony? Apparently not.

Just MING PO. And there's a good example of the meaning of the verb PO BA, which means to move. When you move your monk's room, which in a good monastery you do every three months, it's called PO BA also.

And then they just move. If a monk change their gender, then they just move to nun's place? Yeah, and they got to go to a nunnery.

Yeah. Yeah. Okay.

Okay. What's next? As the Treasure House of Higher Knowledge puts it.

Why don't you read this one? Because it's so short. ZANG RGYUR NA PHAN TSUN MING PO BA'I MI CHUD The name changes with the gender.

Okay, good. That's it. Nice translation.

Thank you. Thank you. Thank you, Gibson.

[Speaker 2]
No, not you. Gibson.

[Speaker 1]
Okay. No, it's quite, it's pretty good. Okay, I'm going to put up my text.

I think it's here. Yeah. We good?

We okay, you guys? Where are we? Yeah, here it is.

So we're going to read the commentary to the Abhidharmakosha, which is, when they say commentary to the Abhidharmakosha, there are several famous ones, but the most famous one is the auto commentary. So even though it doesn't say Rangpa, the first place you look when they say commentary to the Abhidharmakosha is the auto commentary, which happens to be where this is from. Okay, who's going to read it, madame?

From online or here? As you wish. Seiji, we can do both, right?

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Okay. Oh, we don't have a chair. No, they're going to do it from right now.

Oh, okay, okay. I have many options. Many, many, many.

Okay. On the screens, you can see the people are online also. Oh, okay.

Okay. Rob, would you like to read the first one? Thank you.

Okay, loud. Thank you. Nice.

MA YANG RGYAS SO ZHES BYA'O RGYAS NYEN NYID RGYAS NYEN MA ZHES BA BYA LA RGYAS NYEN MA YANG RGYAS NYEN ZHES BYA'O TE ZHES PA DA Yeah, there's a spelling error here. Good. So the commentary says, the auto-commentary says, GZHAN GYUR NA, what's that mean?

If you change the gender, GZHAN, yeah, which literally means marker. And it can refer to the sexual organ, okay? When you say GZHAN.

Usually GZHAN means name. And it can, anyway. So the DGE SLONG becomes what?

DGE SLONG MA The DGE SLONG MA becomes DGE SLONG The DGE TSUL, the novice monk, becomes novice nun. Then he gives the exception. The novice nun and the intermediate nun become DGE TSUL, novice monk.

The layman with lifetime vows becomes a laywoman with lifetime vows. And the laywoman also becomes a layman with lifetime vows. And again, what's he trying to prove?

That they are, therefore, they must be of the same class. Same essence? Yeah, same essence, yeah.

And by the way, this commentary is extremely good. Like this one's, this commentary is much, much better than any one I've ever seen. The other ones are good.

This one is excellent, okay? So it's going to be a big contribution when we finish. All right.

Who's going to read next, Xiaoping? Torture them. Oh, Stanley.

Okay. Yeah. Torture me.

All right. T'i ch'en r'in ch'en. R'en w'a.

Ch'en w'a. Ch'en w'a. L'i k'yam.

Tse su shi yin de. Good. G'e long pa, me dong pa, tse su chi.

G'e long ma tang, tse su pa, me dong pa, tse shi. G'e nyen pa, me dong pa, tse shi yinpe chod de. Tsen gyur wa na, dong pa, ni, tong wa, ni.

Mo wei che, tse sum de che. Okay, good. Nice.

I wanted to point out that this author, Lodro Leksang, he pretty much considers his massive commentary to be a commentary on the Vinaya commentary written by Gyelwa Gendun Drup, who's the first Dalai Lama, who was a student of Tsongkhapa. So this particular commentary that we're studying will often be quoting the one by Gyelwa Gendun Drup. And he was very good at Abhidharma, and he was very good at Vinaya, and he was pretty good at Pramana.

Okay, those three things. I would say respectable commentaries. They are much easier to read than Tsongkhapa.

They're more basic. Okay, they're correct. And they don't go that deep.

Good, good, nice, medium level information. Then Lodro Leksang wrote a commentary on that and made it a little more complicated. So anyway, here we go.

So that Rinchen Drama, and here we get the problem that there's a lot of Rinchen Dramas running around, which means ratna-mala, which means... Yeah, I saw someone call it Jewel Garland or something like that. But the point is, it's a rosary with each bead is a jewel.

I like to call it a string of jewels or something. You know what I mean? It's the feeling of 108 diamonds on your rosary.

You know, like that. Okay, Rinchen Drama Lek Gyang, ZAS OR ZHI YIN TE According to ZAS, there are four. By their colors?

According to substance, real stuff, there's only four different kinds of vows. You could put together DGE SLONG PA and DGE SLONG MA in ZAS CIG. They are the same.

Essentially, substance is the same. Fully ordained substance. Then you got DGE SLONG MA and DGE MTSO'I PA MA.

So you could say novice ordained person. And showing they're the intermediate nun. That's all one category, one essence.

Then you got DGE NYON PA and MA. When he says PA MA, he means PA and MA, male and female. So that's the one day vow, male and female.

And then he says, so Gyelwa Geningyur says it differently. You see what I mean? He says, you can group them like this.

And then he summarizes in a nice way that nobody else did, which is why he added this quotation. TSEN GYUR NA, past tense, it has to be PA, cannot be WA. That's the present tense, YIN GYUR WA.

If you're TSEN GYUR. If you changed your gender. Yeah, if your organ changes, if your gender changes.

Then DONG PA, here's the interesting part. DONG PA MI STONG You haven't given up your vows. Yeah, you don't lose the vow.

The vow just changes names. It's interesting. And there's a lot of interesting details about giving up your, about losing vows.

And I think one of the most important one is, you cannot lose your vows unless you, unless you announce that you give up your vows. Nobody can take your vows away from you. They can banish you from the monastery.

They can, they can call you anything, but no one can unmonk you, accept yourself. It's very interesting. And no matter what your behavior is, or what they think your behavior is.

All right, let's go. Who's going to read next? JB, Professor John Brady, would you like to read?

Okay. Okay. Nice.

[Speaker 2]
Yay.

[Speaker 1]
So he just says, you know, you can forget all the categories of vows. You can just split them into two. There's just two big divisions of all the vows, which are?

Yeah, male and female. Okay. I'm sorry.

No. Ordained and non-ordained. Okay.

So, kimpe chok means on the side of householders. And rabjungi chok means on the side of ordained people. Okay.

Rabjung is an interesting word. It means ordained, but literally it means left the home life. Left the home life.

Very well gone. Rabjung. Rabjung.

Okay. And you can translate it as ordained sometimes, and sometimes you can translate it as left the home life. You have to see what the author wants to emphasize.

Okay. Okay. Rabjung means really left.

Really left. Finally left. Okay.

Okay, good. It emphasizes renunciation, right? Yeah.

Yeah. Okay. Who's next?

Emily? Would you like to read? DE YIN DE YIN YI LTONG PA DANG NYAN NA YIN NYAN NAS YI LTONG PA NYI DANG GO DANG ZHIN NAM CHUNG MA YIN PA'I PHYIR Good, YIN PA'I PHYIR.

Good. So he had just made a division into layperson and ordained. Now he's going to tell you which vows belong in the layperson category and which vows belong in the ordained category.

DGE NYAN means lifetime layman's vows. NYAN NAS means a one-day vow. Those two, DONG PA NYID, are DANG PO.

They belong in the first category, which is layperson's vows. And then the rest, ZHIN NAM are CHUNG MA. They are the second one, which is ordained people.

So basically... By the way, enjoy the easy part. It's similar to Ben Kramer's text.

Enjoy the easy part while you're there because it's going to get hard. Enjoy the days when you can understand what he's talking about because later it's going to change. So he's been giving the general ways to group the ordinations and now he's got another suggestion.

Who's going to read that one? Tina, would you like to read? Sorry, it's long.

Stanley, you want to correct her?

[Speaker 2]
Okay. KYI DONG PAR DONG PA KYI MI SU DU TSE TE NYAN NAR NI KYI TE DONG PA DONG PA TANG ZHIN NAR NI BAR YIN PE CHER TE Okay.

[Speaker 1]
DUN NA means, we had that in your homework question. DUN NA means if you group them, you can also group them according to DUS. Time which you have them?

Yeah, how long do you have them for? Okay. Because there is...

NYIN ZHAG GCIG means one single... Day. Day.

And DA CHEN is an interesting word. DA means limit or gone to the end, right? DA CHEN means it has a limit.

The line when the vow stops. There is a vow which stops after 24 hours. And again, the English day is not clear.

It can mean 24 hours. It can mean just I've been waiting for you a long time. You have to make it clear when you're a translator.

It's good to say, in Vinaya text, it's good to say 24-hour day. Like leaving your robes for 24-hour day or something like that. When you say a day, it's not clear.

It could be not night. See what I mean? When they say NYIN ZHAG, they're addressing that problem in Tibetan.

When you say NYIN ZHAG, it's 24-hour day. So one vow is NYIN ZHAG GCIG. It's 24-hour vow.

And the other ones are RGYUS ZHIG TSO'I BAR As long as you shall live. Very, very famous. Very, very famous in the ordination ceremony.

You say GCIG TSO'I BAR DU GCIG TSO'I BAR DU Until the day I die. TSO'A means to stay alive. GCIG means as long.

BAR means until. While I'm still alive. GCIG TSO'I BAR DU SDOM PA NYID SU'I DUS TE So there's two different kinds of vow.

One day and until the day I die. Until the day I die vow. Which one is longer?

It depends. We don't know. We live in a world where we don't know.

Just so you know. It's good to think about. NYON NAS KYI DANG PO The NYON NAS vow is the first one.

The one day vow. Why don't they say male and female? It's too short to waste your time and talk about it.

And then GZHAN NAM NYID PA All the rest of the vows, the other seven types of vows, or six, are both. Sorry, are lifetime vows. Lifetime vows.

That's interesting division because there still can be a layperson vow in the second category. See what I mean? Lifetime layman's vow.

Okay. Which is why he mentioned it. Who's going to read next?

He he he. Sibong? Oh, Stanley, you help, okay?

Let's go. SO LAS CI TRI CI SO DANG YIN ZHAG ZHU ZHAG ZHU DUNG PA YANG DRAG LANG BAR LANG BAR LANG BAR LANG BAR? Oh, sorry.

LANG BAR CHA CHA, okay, good. SHES PA DANG SHES PA DANG Okay, good. What's ZER LAS mean, Stanley?

Oh, the Abhidharma? Yeah, the kosha. The kosha.

The Abhidharma kosha. It says, YANG DRAG LANG BAR BYA means take your vows very well, either YIN ZHAG ZHUG or CI CI TSO. For one day or the rest of your life.

Either 24 hours or as long as you live. Those are the two time periods. He's quoting the kosha.

Okay, here we go. Now, $50 question. He says, Dave Gelbart, what's he talking about?

Except word. Commentary of the jade. Huh?

The kosha. Commentary of the kosha. I know, but there's more information here.

Auto commentary. Yeah, who's... Okay, you got to collect your $50 when I see you, okay?

Maybe Hangzhou or something, I don't know. Dave Gelbart, in the auto commentary, it's deceiving because it only says in the commentary. It doesn't say Rangdo.

But when they're talking about the kosha, they're often talking about the auto commentary. I always stop and go find it for you. So you can always peek down in the dark print and see which book it was.

It was the Basha, which is the auto commentary. Okay, who's going to read this one? Christina?

Uh-oh. Rob, you want to correct? Okay.

It's not an English B. It's a pa. Pa, pa, pa.

It doesn't exist in English. I'll meet you at the bar. I'll meet you at the bar.

We'll have cup tea. This one's war. I don't know.

My war job. Okay, good. In the auto commentary it says, let's talk about the Pratyumaksha vows of the seven types, seven classes.

Rick Dune. They are GC Chopar. They are intelligent.

I will keep them well. YANG BDAG PA LANG BAR BYA'O I will keep them well. He's quoting the ordination ceremony.

Then he says, NYES NAS KYI SDOM PA NI NYIN ZHAG GCIG TU But just the one-day layman's vow is a one-day vow. ZHES BYED What's the DE LTAR NGES SO word? That NGES means that's the only number.

That's the exact number of days. Nice, perfect. Exactly two, no more, no less.

He added that at the end. ZHES GSUNGS PA'I PHYIR That's what the Abhidharma auto commentary says. All right.

I like these parts. Who's going to read it, Xiaoping? Ali, would you like to read?

Starting with DUN PO? SIPA Skip the bowl. Skip the bowl.

SIPA DRA SHES PA She's going to do more. Yes. But what it says is we've reached our fourth general category, which I like this DRA SHES PA.

DRA SHES PA It means he's going to break down the Sanskrit word. Or he's going to break the word down. What's PRAKTI?

What's MOKSHA? Like that. I like this part.

I don't know why. I like words. I like to see where they come from.

We're going to skip my note. Venerable Jigme, can you read the next line? SO SO SO SO THAR PA'I PHYIR DU LA PRAKTI MOKSHA SHES PA Nice.

If you take the word SO SO THAR in Tibetan, what's SKAD DU mean? The Sanskrit equivalent? Yes.

SKAD DU means what is the Sanskrit equivalent? And DU means, word I'll give you $25 for DU by itself. Substitute.

Dang. I got to start asking you Russian questions. SKAD DU, like a substitute teacher.

It's a DU, D-O-D, DU. So what's the language substitute means? What's the equivalent ancient Sanskrit?

And I like that. And what is the answer here? PRAKTI MOKSHA.

Then he's going to explain the meaning of PRAKTI and he's going to explain the meaning of MOKSHA, which I like. I think, Venerable Jigme, you didn't do much. So...

This is where I start to appreciate this commentary. It's very clear. He says, let's start with PRAKTI.

The PRAKTI and PRAKTI MOKSHA. It means DANG PO. First.

PRAKTI means first.

[Speaker 2]
First.

[Speaker 1]
And it also means SO SO, which means individually. JUG means can mean. JUG means applies to.

So when you say PRAKTI, it can mean first or it can mean individual. MOKSHA means THAR PA. Freedom.

Freedom. JUG PA means they apply to those words. Therefore, if you connect PRAKTI and MOKSHA, it has two different meanings.

You can say it means DANG PO THAR PA or you can say it means SO SO THAR PA. What's DANG PO THAR PA? First freedom.

First freedom. Do you have any first freedom vows? Or you can call it SO SO THAR, individual freedom.

He says, technically, if someone asks you, what's the meaning of PRAKTI MOKSHA in Sanskrit? In English, you can say first freedom or individual freedom. They're both accurate.

It's very interesting. Here's the explanation. Now you've got to choose a different victim, Shanti.

You've got that yoga teacher in the back who's hiding behind the cream. Oh, okay. Kawaii.

Okay. Nice, okay. By the way, our theme today is touching the diamond world.

That's the theme for these two classes. It's perfect that Vinaya comes first. If you really want to touch the diamond world, then be nice to other people.

Be good to other people. It's very appropriate that these two classes came together. According to diamond world teachings, way of the diamond teachings, there's never any mistake.

There's a reason why Xiaoping's class came first and it's going to be followed by touching the diamond way class. Nothing's an accident in the diamond way. Okay, DANG PO NI SO SO THAR Okay, so, DANG PO THAR PA GZHAN BRJOD PA'I I'm sorry, SO THAR GYI SDOM PA KHYAD CIG DANG PO DE LA Let's talk about the KHYAD CIG DANG PO of SO THAR GYI SDOM PA.

KHYAD CIG means? One second. Yeah, let's talk.

Forget the whole trying to keep your vows for the rest of your life. Let's talk about the first second that you have your vows. Okay, PRAKTI.

That is PRAKTI Moksha for you. Yeah, that's your first freedom in this life. The moment the teacher clicked their fingers, you got PRAKTI Moksha.

That was your first chance at freedom. All right, or that's the first time that you were ever THAR PA free from SDOM PA MIN. From not having vows.

Yeah, from not having vows. What's PRAKTI Moksha mean? First freedom.

What kind of freedom? From not having vows. So it's first freedom from not having vows.

But unfortunately, that explanation only applies to the first second of your vows. The second second would no longer be PRAKTI Moksha. It would be DVIGS DANG MOKSHA.

The second one. It'd be second freedom. Then he says, THAR MA THAG TU YIN PAS YIN GYI THAR MA THAG means you just got free.

Therefore, it's first freedom. You just got free. But he was careful.

Our author is a debater. He was careful to say KHYAD CIG DANG PO in the first line. He was careful to add that.

I'm just talking about the first millisecond of your vows. That's first freedom. That's PRAKTI Moksha.

Now, what anticipatory translation? Yeah, he's going to say, but hey, that doesn't apply to the second second on. I predict he's going to say that.

Let's see if Miss Chloe is correct. If you really want to punish her for being correct, you could make her read it.

[Speaker 2]
Oh, sure. Please?

[Speaker 1]
Stanley, or Rob, Rob, you take it. NI THANI SOKHAK THONGKHE PHAK NDAG LAY LA SO SO THAR PHA SHESUK LAY YUSEN YUSE DEY THAR THOK WAI KOI KHANG SAK NAM SO SO KO LAR LAY PHA LAR YULA MA SOG CHUNG NA LAS THAR GYI GNYIS In your way, you can be in pain too. Yeah, so I thought he was going to explain why the second millisecond of your vows is not Prakti Moksha.

But he went a different way. He said, what about this individual freedom thing? How do we explain that?

Then he says, when you say SO THAR GYI SDOM PA THAR DAG LA, and an important error in the typing. All Prakti Moksha vows are referred to as SO SO THAR PHA. And there's a gyu tsen for that.

There's a reason. There's a reason why that's true. And here, I love this.

If anyone ever asks you about Vinaya for the rest of your life, if any student asks you about layman's vows or any kind of vows, this is the sentence you should quote in your head. If you're a GSUNG BA PO, S-R-U-N-G. A protector?

Yeah, protector. What's the Sanskrit? Palita?

Yeah, like a pal, P-A-L. Like Dharmapala is a dharma protector, like that. By the way, that P-A-L came into English as pastor.

It's a person who protects their flock. That comes from the sheepherder pastor. Anyway, the person who keeps their vows, KHAR ZAG RNAMS, DE'I KHOR BA LAS THAR They will get free from samsara, SO SOR, by themselves, individually.

LA, what's he going to say next? But those MA GSUNG BAs, those who don't keep their vows, MIN YOD, they will not get free. That's why we say Pratimoksha.

I think that's a more useful explanation for your students in the future. Why they call it Pratimoksha? Because the people who keep them get the nirvana, and the people who don't keep them don't.

Got it? All right? Nice.

Now I hope we're going to get that other one. I don't know. It's going to come.

Who's going to read? What about Gyaltsen? Would you agree?

Nice. So here's a perfect place in the debate ground, MU SHING MU GSUM MU SHING MU GSUM Combination? Yeah.

Is A, is not B. Is B, is not A. Is A, is B.

Is not A, is not B. Four combinations, four possibilities between the two Pratimokshas. Between the two explanations of Pratimoksha.

This is how, in the Geshe course, your teacher brainwashes you. You say, okay, do the MU SHING MU GSUM about that. Give me the four possibilities.

You ready? Yes. What's first freedom, but not individual freedom?

Well, it's not vows. You just take the vows. You're not freedom.

You take the vows, but you don't protect them after the first moment? I don't think that MU exists, actually. Sometimes you can say it doesn't exist.

A person who just took their vows is free from not having vows. Yeah, well, if they don't intend to keep them, I guess. But if they intend to keep them, then they have BOD.

They are first freedom, and they're headed towards real freedom. If you take your vows with the intention to keep them, both kinds of Pratimoksha you have. Is there anybody who has Pratimoksha in the first instance, but not in general?

They take it, and then after that, they die. That's pretty good. That's pretty good.

What about neither? By the way, a good answer in a debate would be DO MIN. Say DO MIN.

DO MIN means an anti-vow. That's like a vow to serve in the military, or a vow to be a butcher, or like that. There's famous examples.

I vow to kill people. That would be neither one. Cool.

What about BOD? We covered that. In the first instance, you intend to keep them.

Okay, cool. He gives one example. He says, there is a kind of...

He says, SKAD GCIG GNYIS PA. Second second. In the second millisecond, you intend to keep your vows, but you're not first free anymore.

Now you're old free.

[Speaker 2]
Got it?

[Speaker 1]
That's his counterexample. Let's take a person who's old free, but they still want to keep them. They are Pratimoksha, but they're not Pratimoksha.

They're Pratimoksha, but they're not Pratimoksha. Got it? Now you won't forget the meaning of Pratimoksha.

I enjoy the beginning of the book, because later they're going to be debating about what kind of thread the nuns can't use to tie their spice bags. Who's reading, Shantanu? By the way, in nine minutes, we'll have a 15-minute discussion led by Xiaoping about how you could use this kind of stuff in your real life.

After that, we'll have Petrieville News. After that, we'll have a special class, which is a mixture, crossover, Shenzong Tower class and Touching the Diamond World class. I'm going to use a text which I translated for 12 years.

I'm going to use a section from there to teach the Touching the Diamond World class. Okay?

[Speaker 2]
Thank you.

[Speaker 1]
All right, Zedrale, who's going to read?

[Speaker 2]
Rosa?

[Speaker 1]
Where is she hiding? Oh, she's not behind. Oh, you're way back there.

Rob's checking. Okay. You have to learn the cursive.

There's some arrows in the middle. Nice, okay. Zedrale, it means what?

Pocha. This is where you pay me money if you miss it the 10th time. The auto-commentary to the Abhidharmakosha.

Yeah, the auto-commentary to the Abhidharmakosha says, DANG PO BDAG NI These first ones, I don't know what he's talking about, are called SO SOR THAR PA, are called Pratimoksha because you are SO SOR THAR from DIG PA. Bad deeds. Yeah, this is your individual freedom from bad deeds.

Maybe that could cover both. Interesting. SPANG PA'I PHYIR because you gave up bad deeds.

You are free from them. What does it mean to be free from bad deeds? It means SPANG.

You got rid of them. He doesn't say free from not having vows. He says this is your first freedom from bad deeds because now you have vows to protect you.

That's kind of beautiful. It's a little bit different than the other guys. All right.

THAR CIG means an expression that means. An expression that means. He's saying Pratimoksha is an expression which means you are free from bad deeds individually or for the first time.

It's not the first time you never did bad deeds but it's the first time you promised and didn't do them which is heavier karma. Heavier karma to make a promise and then not do it than to not do it because you didn't feel like it. It's more important to make a commitment first.

More powerful. You can't lose anything. You might as well take them anyway.

Said the car salesman. Who's next Shanti? We got five minutes.

Ula? You want to drink? But you have to say out loud.

THAR CIG MA GNYIS PA LA SOGS PA NI SO SOR THAR DE SDONG PA KHO NA YIN GYIS SO SOR THAR PHA NI MA YIN NO ZHES GSUNGS PA'I PHYIR GNYIS PA LA SOGS PA NI The second moment after you took your vows. They are only Pratimoksha vows. They are not Pratimoksha.

Because it's not first anymore. That means he's supporting the translation as first freedom. Who's that?

Vasubandhu. If we hurry, we can finish another one. We need someone really fast, like Xiaoping herself.

Okay. DE YANG RGYAS NI YIN GYIS SDONG PA KHAD CIG THAR PO NAS DGE SLONG GYIS SDONG PA KHAD CIG THAR PO BA PHA RNAMS PHA RNAMS NI SO SOR NAS RANG RGYIS SDONG MIN LAS THAR MA THAR PA YIN PAS DE RNAMS THANG PO THAR PA'I NGA ZHES TSANG BA'I SDONG PA YIN NO ZHES PA NI RUNG BRTZEN THANG PO STONG YIN Yeah, okay, good. Then he's giving a different way of looking at it.

From the first instant of taking your lifetime layman's person's vow, up to the first instant of taking forward nation as a male, which is considered higher. That's the, what do you call it? Chauvinism of the Vinaya?

No, Vinaya is the society at that time. It is. It was society.

It was Indo-European society for 10,000 years. Okay. DGE SLONG GIS SDONG PA KHYAD CIG SDONG PA PHA RNAMS NI Now he's grouping it.

He says, all those first seconds of all the vows, all the first seconds of all the different flavors of Pratimoksha vows, our SO SOR NAS are in each of them, each individual of different kinds of vows, male, female, one day all the way up to lifetime, fully ordained, all of them. They are all SDONG SMIN LAS THAR MA THAR The first moment after they accepted the vow, they are free from not having the vow. So he's just looking at it a different way.

There are many first instants because there's a new first instant for each vow. For each type of vow. THAR MA THAR, they are just free.

MA THAR means just, just got free. DE RNAM DANG PO THAR PA'I BRAL ZHES TZAM BA'I SDOM PA YIN NO Therefore, the first instant of all the different classes of Pratimoksha vows are complete linguistically. They all have a first instant, where you are first free.

First free applies to all the different categories of Pratimoksha vows. Okay, got it? That's all.

SDOM PA YIN NO ZHES NI LUNG MTSAN DANG PO'I BRAL YIN That's the emphasis of the first group. We got time. Boy, we went through that.

We got one more minute fast. Can you read, Xiaoping? DE RNAM BRAL RANG NAS KHYAD GCIG NI PHAG PHANG CHA NA MI SOGS SO THAR PA'I SDOM PA YIN KYANG DANG PO THAR PA'I BRAL ZHES TZAM BA'I SDOM PA MA YIN NO ZHES PA NI LUNG MTSAN NI YID PA'I SDOM YIN NO Good, nice.

The second second arm for each of these different vows, the second second arm for each of these different vows is Pratimoksha vow, but not Pratimoksha. It's individual vows. Yeah, but they're not first freedom.

That's all. ZHES TZAM means, does the literal meaning fit it anymore? ZHES means literal meaning.

TZAM means complete. ZHES TZAM means, does the literal meaning fit it anymore after the first second? He says no, MA YIN.

Are they Pratimoksha? Yes. Are they Pratimoksha?

No. Got it? YIN NO ZHES PA NI LUNG MTSAN NI YID PA'I SDOM YIN NO That's the meaning of the second category where you don't have first freedom after the first second.

You don't have Pratimoksha after the first second. Cool? Thank you so much Geshe Michael.

I'm going to disappear and Xiaoping is going to need a discussion. What's the date today? 2-3?

3-3. Okay, see you later alligator. Thank you Geshe Michael.

Would you like to have your water? Okay, so it's time for us to continue to work. Any application, any takeaways for your life, for your work?

Here it comes. Okay, we have Rob. The first one to share today.

Pratimoksha. Look at all the people. I like this section how no one can take your vow from you.

So it's sort of like only you can give it up. You can break it but you can't leave it. Right, and so nobody can say, you know, give me that vow.

It's all on you. And I love this because it gives me this sort of like intimate relationship with my commitments. And I don't know why but every time I think about this, because I think about it a lot, I feel like it somehow takes some sort of the weight off of my shoulders about what other people may or may not think about me or how my commitments, it's just sort of this intimate relationship that you develop with your commitments essentially in your life.

And so it's like you walk around with this, I don't know what it feels like, there's like this, there is kind of like a freedom a little bit. Even if you screw up, you can still, you have them, you don't have to retake them but you can recommit to your behavior in a way. And so, I don't know, it's like an all-day practice for me that, I don't know, gives me some sort of happiness, knowing that nobody can take this away from me.

I mean, I can give them back or I can completely break them but it's all on me and it's this beautiful, it's just a private thing. And so, you know, you can just take them now. You don't got to wait.

I mean, if you're ever like on the fence about things, it's so, you might as well just go for it in my personal opinion. That's my normal MO. I think you can just go for it and it's really a beautiful way of life, I think, that you could just, in your business, in your personal life, you always have this thing that you have with you all the time.

Change your clothes, doesn't matter. You're just constantly walking around with it. So that was my feedback, I guess.

Thank you. Very good sales pitch. Yeah, thank you.

I really like it when you said your relationship with your commitments. I think that's a very beautiful way to say I like it. Meaning that not only we take care of our relationship with others, we also take care of our relationship with our own commitments to be a better person, to have better variety, be kinder, to take care of others.

And now I can see clearly of the people online. So if anybody wants to share online, you raise your hand and I can see. Yeah, thank you.

Thank you, teacher. All of us think that vows is a very serious thing. It's far away from us.

But because of the Vinaya class by Xiaoping, now I fall in love with vows. But I have a doubt. The freedom in life may come from vows.

But I would like to know that among all of us, we are now nearly 600 people. A lot of us may want to keep our vows. How to give ourselves a promise that I want to take vows and do it.

Do we need a teacher to guide us on this? Do you need a teacher to guide you how to keep your vows? I think it's...

Sorry, I didn't hear all the elements of the question clearly. But it boils down to do you need a teacher to keep your vows? First, I think before you make the commitments, it's nice you have a teacher to teach you clearly what the commitments are and what's the results of these commitments.

And is there any way to fix it or restore them? First of all, learn it very clearly and ideally find a teacher. If not, follow this Vinaya class.

You are going to get great training from Professor Geshe Michael. And then, second, yes, if you have a teacher to help you. Because Pratyamotsava talked about, first, when you get the freedom from not having the vows, but the rest of the journey is how can you keep the commitments very well.

Because it will help you to collect a lot of good seeds. In the previous live tour, in DCIM Level 7, because next class is ACIM Level... Next class, we are going to talk about a very important topic, how to touch the diamond wall.

Then having a lot of good kamma is essential for that. So it would be nice if you have a teacher to help you. And again, if not, then just follow the Vinaya class.

We are going to have this class for many, many years. For decades, so you can have this class of Geshe Michael. Okay, anyone want to share?

In person or online? Thank you, Xiaoping. Thank you, Geshe-la.

My question is, offline taking files from Geshe Michael and listening to audio classes by Geshe Michael online, what is the difference between these two? And after we take our files, can we invite our students to take files also? Thank you for your answer.

What's the second question? I think mainly, what's the difference between taking files in person and getting class in person about the files and then taking them online? Geshe-la, would you like to answer?

No. Okay, it should be sharing, now it turned into Q&A. Okay, but I will try to share my idea.

So to summarize the question, is there a difference between studying and taking the files online or studying and taking it in person? Let me ask you two perspectives. First of all, the most important one, I think, what matters is if this teacher you are studying from is a qualified, authentic teacher.

If what they are teaching you is authentic and from an unbroken, clean, pure lineage, I think that's very important. Either you take it online or in person, you need to check, make sure the teacher is authentic, what they are teaching is authentic, and then either way is fine. But if you find both are authentic, then personally, if you can take it in person, I think it's nice.

But if due to all kinds of conditions, you couldn't, then taking it online is still good, it's better than not taking it. Because if you don't take it, if you don't keep those commitments, you won't have the chance to be free. You don't have that chance.

I have something that's on my mind lately. Maybe you have to repeat it. Something that's on my mind lately is there may come a day, I'm not sure, when I need a kidney transplant.

They say you can take a live kidney or you can take a dead kidney. The dead kidney doesn't last, it doesn't work as well, usually. But it's much, much better than no kidney because then you die.

So, see what I mean? So I think in person is like a live kidney, and then online is like a dead kidney, and then not taking either one is a hundred times worse. Then you just die.

I think that's it. It reminds me of that. The live one is preferable.

Just live a long, healthy life. By the way, I told the doctor I don't think I would take a live kidney, so just send me. Okay, so I think it's a clear answer.

Okay. Anyone want to share? We still have four minutes.

In person or live audience here also? Thank you. Okay, what I can see in front of me is an SEM audience, but nobody raised their hand.

[Speaker 2]
Okay, then I will just talk.

[Speaker 1]
They are tired. Okay, use this chance to take a break. Dear Xiaoping, I think there was another part to the previous gentleman's question.

He asked, could he give those vows after receiving them, either online or in person, to someone else? Oh, I guess I want to answer. I can see.

Well, I'm done with you actually. Okay, okay. Generally, if you're giving lifetime layperson vows, which is where people usually start, you can be a layperson.

Yeah. If you're well trained. Yeah, so if you, to repeat what Geshe-la said, if you are well trained, and you, in theory, right?

Yeah. In theory, you can give up your student the lifetime layperson's vow. Without being ordained.

Without being ordained. Yeah. But is it good that they, it's implied that they need to be good vow keepers, right?

Again, if it's the only kidney around, you pick it. Oh. Okay.

Yeah. Okay, so as, it also, one takeaway is if, of course, you find a qualified authentic teacher to give you the vow. Authentic teacher give you the vow, and ideally they keep the vows very nicely.

But if not, then just take anyone who, just take one. Yeah, but I think it doesn't apply to us. It's not so much the teacher's qualification as the student's effort.

[Speaker 2]
Oh, okay.

[Speaker 1]
Compared to the two. The student's effort. Much more important.

You mean the student have a strong intention to take the vow and keep them well?

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
The teacher can be a bad person. Yeah. I mean, hopefully we don't, we want to find a good person.

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Even if the person, the teacher is a bad person, if the student keep them well, they will get number one. Wow. Cool.

The teacher doesn't make the vows dirty. Yeah. Of the student.

Great. So again, it's just that after hearing all this, I think one idea, inspiration I have is that when it comes to vows, it's very important about effort as a student. Our motivation, after we take it, how hard we try every day to protect them, to protect our commitments.

And this is something you have total control. We have total control. And that means as long as we make real effort, then we are going to learn a lot of good things.

Yeah. But also, that means the bad news is that we cannot blame other people. Yeah.

Especially teachers. Yeah. You can't blame the teacher.

Okay. It doesn't help. Okay.

So, time's up. Thank you and thank you Genshin Michael for this class. Thank you.

And now it's the pitchy world news time. Thank you. Okay.

Hello, everyone. Sending best regards over there. Happy to see that you all are having fun.

[Speaker 2]
And I'll be there back soon. Today, we have to move quickly because there are so many news and so many cool things happening. But only 15 minutes to present.

So, we will move quickly. Okay. As you know, Stanley Chen has been working in a very, very cool project called the Innovation Retreats, linking also the Dunhuang Caves in the Gobi Desert in China with the Diamond Mountain Desert with the Diamond Mountain Caves in Arizona.

And he has a very cool video he's going to share with us. Gina, please, let's start and warm up with that. Thank you so much.

Enjoy. See you in a few minutes. So, for all of you interested in attending these kind of events, next event Innovation Retreats is having is going to happen on April the 9th.

We have a poster with QR codes. They're going to be having some sessions at the Gobi Desert, as far as I understand, nearby the Dunhuang Caves. Yeah, that's happening April 9th to April 12th this year.

You may still have time to go if you want. And you can follow the English group on Telegram or the Chinese language group on most likely WeChat. So, there you go.

And if you want more information, talk to Stanley about it. Okay, next picture, please. Just some general news before we move on, but some of you may have heard.

Geshe Michael is teaching very special and very advanced and amazing teachings starting in 2026. If you want to be part of those teachings in 2026, you need to be ready. And in order to be ready, he's going to be teaching four courses this year that are going to help us to be ready for the courses in 2026.

So, you have to go to these events either live, as we were talking, if you want a live kidney, or you can do online if you will take a dead kidney. It's just a joke, of course, but you can do online. You can do live.

They are amazing both ways, but live is also super fun. You get to experience even more experiences, I will say. One is happening in Diamond Mountain, April 17.

Mexico as well on July. Then Diamond Mountain as well in October. And then finally, Kyoto, Japan.

This is the very, yeah, those are the four events we're going to be having. You come to them, you behave well, you plan the right seats, and then you'll have permission to go to the special classes in 2026. And the next event is the next picture, please.

Yes, happening on April 17th to the 27th in the wonderful, beautiful Diamond Mountain Retreat Center in Arizona. And just before that, in March, in Kyoto, special class taught by Adam Andrade and Juan Jasso. It's going to be the emptiness of colors, and soon we'll share more information about that.

But if you are there, you're super welcome to come. If you are not there, you are also super welcome to come. You can do online, and you can follow the QR to register for that.

These classes are going to be based on Adam's translation, together, of course, with Geshe Michael, when they translate the very first book on the clear thinking topic. It's called The Door to Emptiness. It's based on that book.

It's going to be very, very cool. I've been studying this material. It's fascinating, super exciting, super fun, and super, super helpful.

You're all welcome, and we'll be sharing more information soon. Okay, now, super great news. We have Alex Rivas with us here in studio live.

But first, before we move with him, I want to share a super short, quick video that Teresa Pirosanto from YSI sent to all friends in the world.

[Speaker 1]
Hello, China. We are doing a Lady Nygma course here in Guadalajara, Mexico. And very soon, we will be teaching Lady Nygma for you.

So here is our invite. Mexico, did you like Lady Nygma? Woo!

[Speaker 2]
Okay, so after watching this video, we want to welcome Alex Rivas and ask him, number one, how did it go? Number two, what were you drinking for breakfast? Thank you, man.

Everything was super beautiful. You know how these teachings are hard. They are like amazing teachings, amazing concepts that really can change your life.

So they are a little bit hard sometimes to digest. So we need to keep the fun going. So we gave them some tequila in the morning.

No, just kidding. Just kidding. It was a beautiful class.

Everybody is very happy to take it and to share it with the world. It was the first time in Spanish. This Lady Nygma Foundation too.

And yeah, we are happy to share it with everyone. That's very cool. I was part of it.

I had the chance to attend live for the first two days. It was two consecutive weekends. Great, great content.

Very, very beautiful. Can you super quickly, just in order to extend the invitation for future students, what would you say is the main topic on this Lady Nygma number two? The main topic.

Lady Nygma number two talks about the inner body, the wounds that carry your thoughts, and how you have some afflictions. Like the rider of the horse, the wind is the horse. Your thoughts are the rider.

So there are some mistaken riders on your horse right now. And with Lady Nygma, you find out like who, what rider goes in that wind. And when you have these negative emotions riding the wind, you can like put a better emotion, like purify this emotion into a wisdom.

And we call it wisdom. So this wisdom takes out the other rider. And now you have a better rider on your wings.

Like your negative emotions transform into a beautiful wisdom. And you have these five practices to clean the five riders on your wings. So by understanding our body and our mind and our emotions, with these practices, we will be able to change these negative emotions into a much better, helpful, peaceful, virtuous behaviors.

Correct? Yeah, everything is about opening the heart and serving better. And having more fun, I hope, also, while serving better, of course.

Yeah, of course. Those riders are more fun. The new riders, they are more fun.

Something like that. OK, thank you, Alex Rivas, for sharing this good news. I have some materials that I'm going to put together later and share with the audience so they can see more into what was actually happening there, like the practices and some classes.

But that's going to happen in the next few days. For now, we just finished. I want to extend the last invitation to our friend, Brian, because he has two very cool events that he wants to invite us all to participate.

So Brian, wherever you are in the world, he is from Mexico. And I don't know, I just have fun saying that a lot of the very cool people that are working all day these days, I mean, are, I don't know, it's a joke, but I like that they are Mexicans. Anyways, Brian, what are you going to invite us to?

Hey, Juan. Two, well, mainly two very cool events. The first one is a free event that we will have on March 6.

You are all invited, of course, to come. Each academic session of ACIM, we have a free session for everyone to come and get a glimpse of what ACIM is like. And this term, we will have two main sessions about it.

The first one is, by the way, both of them are hosted by Geshe Michael Roach. He will be the main speaker. The first one is he talking about the kind of ethics that DCI teachers must follow to be successful and to maintain a behavior that will allow you to keep these teachings going on throughout time.

Because one of the main things, there's a very cool thing that DCI respects and ACIM teacher trainees are trained on, which is making the language secular so they can teach everywhere in the world, anywhere in the world. And that's, for example, one of the sessions of the ethics class or how to manage money or what kind of sexual behavior you should keep to avoid having any problems and hurting DCI and hurting the chance of people to get access to these teachings. So that's tomorrow?

That's tomorrow, Brian? That's March 6th. March 6th.

Let me. Not tomorrow. That's two days from now.

Yes. Right? Correct.

I don't know what day it is. OK, great. And what's the next event?

Well, wait. That day we have two classes, right? So that's one of them.

The other one is Geshe Michael taking live questions, non-religious live questions, regarding the topic of that particular academic session. And that one is touching the diamond world, which is basically perceiving emptiness directly in a less secular language. So you have to be here so you can ask your questions regarding this topic.

And Geshe Michael will answer those questions. That's pretty, pretty cool. The second one is, the second event that we will have is a new program of SEIM.

And I don't want to go very deep into it because Professor Tian will be talking more about it. The program is called STEP. It's very cool because we will have gamification and stuff like that.

But that's pretty much it. So thank you so much, Juan. I know that our professor and CEO, Geshe Michael Roach, is ready.

I don't know if you want to go to him. For sure, I want to go to him. Thank you, Geshe-la, for teaching.

And see you later, Brian. Thank you, audience. Hope you enjoy what's coming next.

OK. Thank you, Juan.