Ник Лашо — Книга 2: Ратнамала, занятие 9

[Speaker 1]
Stir fry with peanut sauce and it's just unbelievable.

[Speaker 2]
And we used cauliflower noodles which are great actually. I've never heard of cauliflower noodles. I'm very interested in cauliflower noodles.

I'm doing keto.

[Speaker 1]
They're good as long as they're completely covered with sauce. Well you know that's the that's the goal. I'll send you I'll send you what I got.

Oh here we go. Look a quiz. Oh I think I I think I made this quiz easier.

I always think I'm making them easier and then sometimes I'm wrong. But I think this book has been so easy now. I think I'm I think these are pretty straightforward questions.

Just a few things that came up in the last class. So can anybody tell me? What are the four elements that should be contained within a Buddhist book?

English and Tibetan. Wait how much are you paying Nick? This one's in one of the ACI classes so I can't pay for this answer.

The subject? You could. The word says subject matter.

All right. Correct. Which is what's the subject matter?

Wait hold on. Juja? Yes exactly.

Yeah yeah yeah. Subject matter is juja. Hey Nick he's got a he's got a kid now.

He really needs the money. He doesn't need my money. I don't I definitely don't need Nick's money.

Dirty money. What are you trying to say? The immediate goal or the short-term goal.

Yes sir. Do you remember the Tibetan? Something.

Is it good? Is it? Uh-huh.

That's it. Good bye. Good bye yeah.

I think Sushumna's whispering answers in his ear Nick. She may still only speak Sanskrit. Oh I see yeah.

The long-term goal. Yeah good. It's similar name to the second one.

It is something I don't know. Anybody else remember? Is immediate purpose the same as should have some application to your life?

Yeah I guess it is. Yeah it's like something that's kind of. The immediate purpose is to finish the book.

I learned the subject matter. That's that's it. Then the ninger is to.

Oh yeah. Oh yeah ninger or niga. It could be either.

Good good. Okay last one. The some connection between those.

Good. Do you remember the Tibetan? Something drel.

I don't know. Drelwa. Yeah drelwa.

Yeah good. Awesome. I'd like to see those kind of answers get crushed in the debate ground.

Something like good. Whatever. Whatever.

It's the American way. What is the subject matter of this book? English and Tibetan.

Slightly harder.

[Speaker 2]
But if you remember yeah.

[Speaker 1]
As soon as somebody remembers then everyone will remember. Not necessarily. Depending on if you just wrote in from work.

I just got to bring my cap.

[Speaker 2]
I don't know. Helping a king learn about stuff.

[Speaker 3]
Anybody else remember? What do we call it? Ultimate purity referring to nirvana.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah now you're on the right track. So it's like that thing at something else. And the something else about those.

[Speaker 3]
That's right. It's not that much I knew.

[Speaker 1]
Okay. Tim you usually have good notes on these classes. Habituating and achieving goodness.

Yes say that again please. Is that Alex? Yeah.

Habituating and achieving goodness. Not exactly. But achieving goodness is one of the parts of the subject matter of this book.

[Speaker 2]
Which means what?

[Speaker 1]
What does achieving goodness mean? Ana says enlightenment and higher rebirth. Yeah good.

Yeah and what about those? Something specific about the subject matter of this book is something specific about higher rebirth and deafening good. How to get there?

Yeah kind of. Kind of. But it's put in a very Buddhist philosophical general way.

Ana says practice the virtues to get there. I'll just put it. The causes along with the results of higher rebirth.

Yeah. Tibetan? Just give me some.

Just start throwing words at me. Somebody said tori. It's not tori.

He's just using a different. Yeah. Cool.

Good. Yeah fine. I don't know why I put the tongue there.

That was an accident.

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Okay. The root text we are studying is divided into five. This was a question posed by Geshe Michael.

Yeah. I was wondering if you. I was when I couldn't sleep last night at 3 a.m. I was wondering if you figured this out yet. I'm sorry that you couldn't sleep at 3 a.m. Have you tried valerian root? I did. I mean, I thought about it.

I think I have an idea. I'd be interested to see what you think. I'm interested to see what others think.

Okay. So these are the five chapters. These are the four divisions that Gyaltsabje divided the text into.

Who's text? Nagarjuna's text. So these are the five chapters of Nagarjuna's text, right?

These are the five chapters of Gyaltsabje's text. These are the five chapters of the root text here. Yeah.

And these are four divisions that Gyaltsabje made of the text. He's fudging something. Yeah, like what's the difference?

I mean, does anybody just want to look for a minute and tell me what's the difference while I take a bite of my dinner?

[Speaker 3]
Wow. Where'd you pick up that trick?

[Speaker 1]
Hey, grandpa got to eat. I'm sorry. You learn a lot in the mix, nuts.

[Speaker 2]
There are many differences. What? The ones on the left are called chapters.

The ones on the right are not.

[Speaker 1]
Divide it into five on the left. Five on the left. There are four on the right.

None of them match. Absolutely. Obviously, but maybe one of the divisions is split into two chapters.

Tim says one of the divisions must have two chapters crammed. Yeah, good. Good, Tim.

Which one? It would have to be chapter two and three are put into the second division. It's a good guess.

We'll just look at the first two words of chapters one and two, though. The first one is split into two chapters. Yes, thank you.

Did Tim say that? Yes, he did. And he said to send the money to his PayPal.

I will. I'll PayPal you, Tim. The rest of that money that I owe you.

Any thoughts about why he may have done that? He divided this GELTJ put in one section a general presentation of the higher realms, the cause and effect for the higher realms and definite good, meaning enlightenment. If I'm GELTJ, I will question chapter two.

I will question the usefulness of chapter two. So chapter two is a... I forget what the word we used yesterday was, but it seemed like a good way to put it.

Interlaced presentation of the two. Yeah, interlaced. I don't know how it can...

Subject matter as the first chapter, but he just jumbled up the order, and I don't see any use to jumble up the order. What's Nagarjuna up to? Anybody have a guess?

Oh, actually, I read the answer before. Thank you. I'll share what my guess is because I definitely did not look up the answer.

I didn't even think to look ahead in the text to see if there was a reason given. I'm saying I think it has something to do with the progression through the scopes typical to Lamrim teachings. Like you have to learn the lower and medium scopes first before you're ready for the higher scope.

But then when you're learning the higher scope, those are still paths shared. So then in that sense, it makes sense to have teachings that have them all together. That's not...

It's a nice answer, but it's not... I don't think it's the one he's going to say. And I'll just tell you because it's a little bit...

It's unexpected. He says, if you don't keep filling up your gas tank for a human rebirth, you ain't going to get anywhere in your emptiness meditations. He says you have to keep...

What do you call it? Yeah, yeah. You have to make sure you keep coming back to a rebirth where you can practice and study emptiness so you can make progress.

So there it's Belmar. It's Belmar. On one hand, you got to keep collecting the karma that keeps you in the human realm.

And then when you get to a human realm, you have to study fast, fast, fast. Die again. Get back to human realm.

Study fast, fast, fast. Die again. Like that.

It's very interesting. He says you have to pay attention to... What do you call it?

Keeping your human rebirth flowing. Keep them coming.

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Or else you won't have time to study emptiness. Something like that. It's a very powerful chapter, actually, I think.

That's cool. That's really cool. Yeah, I guess that's not impossible to figure out.

I feel like we're trained to not be able to do that. To not think about future, just like, we got to do it now. What he's also saying is that even in one lifetime, you still have to keep planting seeds to sustain that life, or your emptiness study will be interrupted rudely.

Tim was in a Japanese Starbucks, and he was using his computer, and the lady came over and said he was being lewd.

[Speaker 2]
Lewd.

[Speaker 1]
Tell me about that.

[Speaker 2]
Rude, I can understand, but lewd.

[Speaker 1]
You got to think about it. Anyway, rudely. Your study will be interrupted rudely if you don't keep...

Even day to day, keep collecting karma to stay in this world. Well, I tried to... I didn't remember to ask you for an assignment, but I tried to translate it to...

A bunch of sections, but we can see how far we want to go. Okay. I should focus on the root text or the commentary?

I worked on both, but maybe we want to do the commentary first. Okay, I think that's a good strategy. Let me sit with it for a second.

My friend Utpal is going to complain about the two spaces after the second. No, it also paints... Oh, yeah.

Okay.

[Speaker 2]
It hurts my eyes.

[Speaker 1]
It hurts my eyes too, I have to admit. Just because I was changing stuff many times.

[Speaker 2]
No, it's understandable.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, good. I'm going to ask you a question. What's the P-H-Y-I-S in the second line?

After? Oh, then. I think I used then right here.

Or later on. That's good. Okay, good.

I did it that way in the... Yeah, good, good. Okay, and I hope you get the Sanskrit together for us.

Yeah. Because I'd like to... Personally, I'd like to look at it when I'm studying the verses, you know?

I'll try to do it by next class. Okay. And Seiji, I got the Bodhicaryavatara verses from you, and I will try to cook them soon.

Yeah, this RGYUD MAR is an adverb. And it applies exactly to what we were just talking about. Uh-huh, right.

Life to life type of thing? Yeah, in a flow. You will have a human rebirth.

Then through achieving a stream of higher rebirths, you will step by step reach buddhahood and enlightenment by seeing emptiness directly. See what I mean? SKYE BA RGYU MAR That's a crucial word here.

SKYE BA RGYU MAR means a flow of consecutive rebirths. Okay, I missed that. It's an unusual word.

When you see a B on RGYUD, you have to sit up and try to think of what it might mean differently from RGYUD. Okay. Cool.

That's a good translation.

[Speaker 2]
Okay.

[Speaker 1]
Thank you. I'll come back to this part. Here's what I did with the root text then.

I'm beginning to teach this for... Oops, I don't know why. This isn't supposed to be here.

Yeah. Where do you want that from again? For after achieving the higher rebirths.

Yeah, good. Somehow, the after in the third line is deceiving. Oh.

Because what it means is, for by achieving consistent higher rebirths. You see what I mean? Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah.

Yeah, I see what you mean. Okay. I'll come back to that.

Okay, nice. But I guess we can't... the root text doesn't say consistent.

So we have to find a way to keep it vague enough in the root text, I guess. Let's look at... that's why the Sanskrit might help.

[Speaker 2]
Okay.

[Speaker 1]
But we'll see. Mike, there might have been some plural in there for the higher rebirths. Uh-huh.

Yeah, we read it that way. Yeah, anyway. Your translation of the root text here has to reflect the intention of it, which is that you're going to have to keep coming back to a human realm to finish your study.

And that's not a point that people make a lot in scripture. I think it was a pet... It was important to Nagarjuna somehow.

Yeah. We have some problem with the screen in the first line of the Tibetan. It's partially obscured by some kind of weird thing.

Okay. Oh, you guys can see that?

[Speaker 2]
Uh-huh. Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Oh, it just went away. Okay. This does not include...

Okay, let me see. Okay. The matok means there's only one way to do this thing.

Oh, okay. You go backwards from there. There's only one way to do this thing.

Uh-huh. And that's to get muntos in a gyu. Uh-huh.

One after another. Oh, okay. So I just completely missed...

Yeah. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Okay.

Yeah, so here's the... I know that's a phrase, chik ne chik tu gyupa. Yeah, they have to flow one after another.

You got to get human lives flowing one after another.

[Speaker 2]
Okay.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, okay. Because... I was really confused about that line.

Yeah, because this ten, ngen dui ten, when you have an apostrophe s before reten, right, of a lower realm, then that reten has to mean... I always translate it as a body and a mind. Oh, oh, oh, okay, okay.

So it's not the... Yeah. From a body and a mind of the lower realms?

Yeah. If you make a slip in your normal morality and you get a lower realm rebirth in between your higher realm rebirth, it's basically a reset. So he says, you know, you're never going to get to nirvana and Buddhahood if you happen to drop down to a body and mind of a lower realm in between all those higher realm births.

See what I mean? Mm-hmm. Yeah.

Okay. THOB MA LA BA'I DANG PA DANG, BY THE ARIN. Let me see.

Hi, Arin. How are you feeling?

[Speaker 2]
I'm getting along okay. I'm starting to feel a little better-ish, Michael. Thank you.

How are you?

[Speaker 1]
Well, I tell you from Venerable Jigme's experience, you're going to be up... She said today she brought me a 50-pound bag of sunflower seeds for my birth. I'm not kidding.

I had to drag it up the porch myself.

[Speaker 2]
THOB MA LA BA'I DANG PA DANG, BY THE ARIN.

[Speaker 1]
She said, I think it's going to be like that. How many weeks are you? Four weeks?

Like two months. Oh, two months. Okay.

Two and a half months. All right. But you're young.

You're just a young one.

[Speaker 2]
All right.

[Speaker 1]
DANG PA BYAS SU BSTAN PA THOB NAS, RGYUD MIN PA LA STONG MI NYID. THOB MA LA BA'I DANG PA DANG, BYAS SU BSTAN PA THOB NAS. Yeah, you can say that.

THOB MA LA BA'I DANG PA DANG. Start off with easier advices. Good.

And later on, BYAS SU BSTAN PA THOB NAS RGYUD MIN PA LA. And then later... Oh, I see.

You got to make a more clear contradistinction between DANG PA here and BSTAN PA. Oh, okay. Yeah, so what he says is, a good Lama takes a novice student and concentrates on helping them verbally with small advices.

And then later they go to formal teachings. So I could say the scriptures here, or something like that. Yeah, you got to draw a distinction between DANG PA and BSTAN PA here.

Because first feed them DANG PA. And when they're more mature, feed them BSTAN PA. Yeah.

And that way you are cooking their mind stream. Yeah, when their minds are riper. They're super yinky.

Yeah, the rest is great. The rest of the translation is great. Yep.

Cool, cool, cool. Let's see. We can try...

Let's try this one. All right. Yeah, good.

For the text says... Yeah, good. For the text says...

These are my attempts at translations on my own. Yeah, good. That's good so far.

What does it say? It's beyond just that. DIN GNYI LAS KYANG means...

In fact, this same book by Nagarjuna says... Oh, in fact. Oh, DIN GNYI LAS KYANG.

Yeah, yeah, also from this same book. This same book by Nagarjuna in the next chapter. Yeah, yeah.

PHUNG BA'I MA RUNG BDAG NYID CHEN Yeah, yeah, yeah. Oh, I like that you got the upside down. PHUNG BA'I MA RUNG BDAG NYID CHEN NAR MED PAR NI PHYIN TSUL KHRIMS BDAG NYID CHEN is not BDAG NYID CHEN.

Okay? Oh, oh, it's BDAG NYID CHEN. Yeah, yeah, yeah, I don't know what I was...

Oh, no. When it says BDAG NYID CHEN, it means the combination of two things. When it says BDAG NYID CHEN, it's mahatma.

Yeah. No, it's funny. I didn't even think CHEN was CHEN.

I just thought BDAG NYID was implying a great being. No, it can mean just... It's an entity which cannot be...

which cannot be ever rejected. Something like that. Oh, okay.

It kind of means it has the nature of something you should never give up. Okay? And you can go see how Gelsup J glosses it just by searching for it in your document.

I'll say premise for now, but I'll... You, I think you... Oh, yeah, right, I can check later.

By the way, if I'm not mistaken, we are adding the root text as we go, right? He did not add it, right? Yeah, we're adding it.

Okay. Yeah, that's what I did for Geshe Yeshe Wongchuk. I was the guy who went and put the root text in.

And it was fun. Yeah, it was fun. Yeah, okay.

DANG NI CHEN NAR MED PA NI CHUD TSUN RUNG Yeah, nice. The rest is good. It is wrong to give up this premise.

I'll change it from premise to something that is more... Yeah, and go see how he glosses it himself. I will.

It'll certainly be DANG NI CHEN. If you search for it in this document, you'll hit it. Okay.

Because it's an unusual turn of phrase. Okay. Cool, cool.

I'm happy you got the CHUD TSUN RUNG. You've got to be sophisticated to catch that. You want to explain it, Nick?

No, I think I just... I must have just found it in one of your translations or something. When the bardo wa.

Oh, that. Yeah, yeah. That's where I found it.

When the bardo has traveled to hell, or to a hell realm, they go upside down. Yeah. If you could see bardo spirits, and you see someone walking upside down, you know they're headed for their hell realms.

And... They also... Yeah, you can flip them.

They also say they look like a burnt log or something like that. They already look like a burnt log. Something like that.

Cool. Nice job. Are you got more here?

A little bit, yeah. Oh my gosh, you've kicked butt. It's fun.

Yeah, I know. ,GAL TE RTOG MA NYID RTOG DGOS PA CHUNG NA, ,CHUNG NA YANG, ,NI NIK YIN PA LA CHUNG ZHIG KYANG, ,MI NUS PA'I KHOR BA RGYAS NA ZHIG PA CHA ZHING GSUNG SO, Yeah, I think he's trying to be cute. And I'm not sure it's legal with the spelling.

Yeah, I didn't get it. I'll check in the... I got interrupted just as I was about to check the scan.

Okay. Because S-T-O-N-G, ,SA LTA LTA LTAR NA RO SDONG NA SDONG, only means to be without something. It only means emptiness.

It's probably PONG, because he's been using PONG. But there is an expression called SDONG DGOS PA, which means to give up something. Oh, that's true.

Yeah, yeah. So there's something wrong with the spelling here. You got to check the text.

The second SDONG, there's something wrong with it. Unless he's kind of shamelessly screwing around with the spelling to get two SDONGs in one line. But I don't think so.

SDONG DGOS PA SDONG DGOS PA And SDONG can mean to give up. You see? So if there were some weird circumstance where you had to give up the concept of emptiness, still you should work really hard to keep that understanding of karma and its consequences.

[Speaker 2]
Oh, okay. It's not...

[Speaker 1]
It's not... He says here, it's not going to ruin your... It's not going to completely ruin your understanding of karma.

Of course. Yeah, I mean, no big deal. I don't know why I was confused about that.

Totally. I put understanding up here, but I was wrong. It's an unusual thing to say though.

He says, look, even if by some weird chance you had to give up your emptiness studies, that wouldn't necessarily hurt your understanding of cause and effect.

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
I don't know if I accept that. Yeah. Or is he saying it shouldn't?

Or he's saying, even if for some weird reason you don't have time to study emptiness, at least study cause and effect carefully.

[Speaker 2]
Uh-huh. Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Okay, so this go-wap kye, this is the understanding that they have developed. Yeah. This kye is probably almost imperative, right?

Go-wap kye la. Oh. You should be trying to reach an understanding.

Yeah. Oh, but isn't it saying mi nepe go-wap? Like it didn't harm the understanding?

You should try to reach a state of understanding that cannot be hurt. Uh-huh. Even a little bit.

Yeah, by a strange situation where you had to not study emptiness.

[Speaker 2]
Uh-huh, uh-huh, uh-huh.

[Speaker 1]
He's trying to distinguish between... By the way, what he's really trying to do is distinguish between the causes for a higher rebirth and enlightenment. Yeah.

Look, even if you can't see emptiness, which is the real cause of enlightenment, still try to hang in there with your understanding of karma. Uh-huh. It can keep you in a human rebirth, so you can pick up the emptiness thing later.

I think he's back on that theme. Is he?

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Okay, cool. Okay. Man, what happened?

Did you stick a dagger in the sun? You know this Rahula? Yeah, yeah.

Was it Rahula? Virupa. I thought it was Marpa, but okay.

No, Virupa. I'll do this sooner or later. You want to keep going?

Let me see if I actually think this when I finish it all. I wanted to think about this one more, but let's just do it. Okay.

Okay. DE LA SNGON DOR NI DE BA DE, NI RGYUD KYI RGYUD PA'I DE BA DANG RGYUD KYI RGYUD PA'I DE BA Yeah, I would have said it's something like the higher births are happiness in the sense of the happiness that you might experience as a deva or a human.

[Speaker 2]
Okay, okay.

[Speaker 1]
And it's derogatory.

[Speaker 2]
Yeah, yeah, yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, higher births are okay. I mean, just want to get old and die as a human or a deva. DANG YONG CHE RIG PA YIN is like, so what need mention equanimity?

DE LA SNGON DOR NI DE BA DE, LHAG NA MI RGYUD KYI RGYUD PA'I DE BA DANG You can understand this if you have read Stanley's last class. I was there. Yeah, and he's being cute, and I expect Stanley to figure this sentence out.

I'll give you all the stuff you need to know to figure it out. He says it is true that the higher rebirths are characterized as happiness or pleasure, which refers to either the pleasure or the neutral feeling which humans and gods experience. Oh, because in certain realms there's only equanimity.

Some of the realms where there's devas, there's no pleasure. You just covered that in the last class. Yeah, I knew I was there.

You drop all four feelings except for equanimity when you go into the formless realm, because they are anesthetized. They're just like, they're on, you know, whatever drug it is that anesthetizes. Heroin.

Yeah, they're like on heroin. And it's supposed to be really pleasant, but you can't call it pleasant. It's just, they're out of...

And I had my gallbladder cut out, and the nurse... I woke up, I opened my eyes, and this Tibetan woman is leaning over me. I came out of surgery, I look up, and there's a Tibetan woman leaning over me.

I said, who are you? She said, Tsering. My name is Long Life.

I said, good. And she turns out to be a Tibetan who's a doctor in Tucson. She says there's two Tibetans there.

And I'm like, wow. Then she said, which of these painkillers do you like? I said, that second one you gave me is really nice.

Oh, because that's sort of what the formless realm feels like. I don't know, Erin, did you have this experience?

[Speaker 2]
Not that way, yeah.

[Speaker 1]
I felt like I was floating on my back in a warm pond of water or something. I don't want to speak highly of the opioid crisis, but...

[Speaker 2]
Sometimes they're necessary though, when you have your gallbladder cut out.

[Speaker 1]
Anyway, the people in the formless realm are like that. Gyaltsabje is trying to be... It shows he was in the debate ground.

He's trying to cover his rear end against all possible objections. He doesn't want to say the higher realms are all pleasant. Because?

You can't feel pleasure in the highest of the higher realms. Oh, so that's why he had to cover his ass. He knows, by the way, that he's a debater.

He's covering possible exceptions.

[Speaker 2]
Cool.

[Speaker 1]
Anyway, CI NI PA YIN NA, you know this because you studied Stanley's text, which is the great, great advantage of the mixed nuts, which you will thank me for a hundred years from now, that you are studying all the schools. So you can use them as ammunition against each other. Okay, NYES PAR BYED PA NI, what is definite good?

DANG MI STOB PA'I SHES REB You got to give me a better dukkhun. A better what? Dukkhun.

Oh, oh, oh. Oh, dukkhun. What did I say?

All suffering, yeah. No, that's not what it... I'll give 20 bucks if you give...

By the way, I'm lowering my things until they finish the cafe next week. Yay. The bets used to be $100.

Oh, the truth of suffering. You're getting closer. The truth, sorry, the two first, the first two.

The truth of suffering and the truth of the source. All right, dukkhun. I donated, I hereby donated to the Black Hole Cafe.

When Amalie has to go to Yale because she can't afford Princeton, don't blame me. Dukkhun pabbedo tarpa dodo. Yeah, good.

Freely gives up on suffering. Yeah, in which you have eliminated the first two truths. Yeah.

Why not eliminate all four truths? Well, the other ones are not things to pang. Yeah, the other two things are ones you want to achieve.

What are they, by the way? What's the... Well, I can't...

dukngel denpa kangjung denwa. Gok den. Gok den, yes.

Lam den. The truth of cessation and the truth of the path. You don't give up the last two of the four truths.

You give up the first two of the four truths. Okay, good. Okay, jelwa.

By the way, this jelwa means a separation from samsara, right? So, yeah, he's just... It means a disconnection from the first two truths.

Jelwa, in the third line. It means a state of separation from the... Okay?

[Speaker 2]
Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
In the Abhidharma system, that jelwa is a separate entity. And that's a long story. But they say not having something is a thing.

A cessation. Yeah, not having... Having freed yourself is itself an entity.

This is from Abhidharma? Well, he's got a lot of Abhidharma influence here. You know.

Yeah. Cool. All right, you did good.

You did good. I'm proud of you. You just finished the whole book.

Leave me something to do, okay? All right. Oh, I have to stop sharing before you can share.

Yeah. How are we doing on time? Are we still at 15 minutes?

Yeah, 15 minutes. Yeah. Yeah.

Right? Yeah. Dukkhunpangpa Tawa.

All right. Okay, please read. And I keep seeing Xiaoping here.

She must... Must be... She must have corrected...

Xiaoping, I'm sending you an answer tomorrow, okay? Don't... Don't get mad at me.

I have to get Amalie in here to see Allison.

[Speaker 2]
Hey, Amalie. Amalie has a...

[Speaker 1]
She talks about you almost every day.

[Speaker 2]
Oh, I'm sorry.

[Speaker 1]
LAR MI SDOG PA'I PHYIR CAN LAR MI SDOG PA'I PHYIR CAN GYI BRAL BA YIN PAS NGES PAR LEGS PA ZHES BYA'O Yeah. Why do we keep repeating this phrase, NGES LEGS? Yeah, he really likes it.

I think because it includes nirvana and enlightenment. Well, here's his explanation of what NGES LEGS means to him. Oh, cool.

I call something NGES LEGS when YIN PAS, it is... Uh-huh, free of... stuff you...

When it's free of the stuff that you'll never have again. Yeah. What he means is, to me the definite, indefinite good means a state of goodness from which you can never degenerate.

Or you never go back. LAR MI SDOG You never have to go back. So for him, nirvana and Buddhahood are called by the nickname definite good because they are cases.

Here PHYIR CAN just means cases. They are cases of a separation from suffering from which you never have to return. Okay, cool.

Yeah, awesome. By the way, in the Abhidharma you're going to get expressions like ultimate good and ultimate monk or nun. Right.

And that's anyone who has achieved nirvana. Yeah. Whether they were ever ordained or not.

We had that in the Gyaltsabje's lecture notes, I think. Yeah. Okay, let's go to this next sentence here.

DRE BU NYID PO DE GRUB PA DOR DU NA LEN DROD DANG DEN PA DANG KHO YIN CHOG SOGS LA THEG PA DANG SDOM PA NYID THOB PA'I SHES RAB PO Yeah, DRE BU NYID PO DE GRUB PA DOR DU NA LEN DROD DANG DEN PA DANG KHO YIN CHOG SOGS LA THEG PA DANG SDOM PA NYID THOB PA'I SHES RAB PO DEN PA DANG KHO YIN CHOG SOGS It's kind of listing... DE GRUB PA, by the way. DE GRUB PA, right?

Aha, to study the two results, both those two results. Sometimes GRUB PA can mean you. Oh, really?

To bring about? Yeah, it's a weird word that's used sometimes for you. So read it this way.

To accomplish? Yeah, now read it. Read GRUB PA as you and then read it to me.

If you want to quickly achieve those two results. Yeah. If I was going to give you a...

A quick way. Yeah, if I was going to give you a summary of the cause you're going to have to collect, they would be... Here you go.

LEN DROD, cause and effect. Yeah, which means an appreciation of cause and effect. DEN PA, I'm guessing.

It means DEN PA SHES. Yeah, the four truths. Yeah, and you're going to have to understand KHO YIN CHOG.

Well, faith in the three jewels and such. Which means you're going to have to understand taking refuge. And finally, you're going to need...

The wisdom which realizes emptiness. Yeah, so he's giving you a short list of stuff you have to achieve to get to definite good. Here's his short list.

I want to say something about that. What was that? Did we skip some root text?

The root text has DUR NA, DOR DU, and DOR NA, I think. Yeah, we covered it. He's giving you a short list of stuff you have to do.

Oh, here comes the DOR NA. Please read. DOR NA SHES PA NI RGYUD TSO BO BDOD PA YIN LA DOR DU'ANG SNGA MA GNYIS DRES BU'I BYANG NAS SO Whoa, yeah.

Now, why does he say DOR SNGA MA? What's SNGA MA mean? I think he means the previous DOR DU.

The previous time we said DOR DU. Yeah, there's two DORs in this verb. Here it is here.

DOR DU NA So he's saying the first time it appears and then... Good, yeah. He says briefly speaking and then he says briefly.

Okay. How does that reflect on the Yoga Sutra? I got a Yoga Sutra mattress here, two mattresses.

I've seen in this life, my mother. Come on, sheesh. He says twice in this verse, what?

Briefly. How does that relate to the Yoga Sutra?

[Speaker 2]
There's a verse for the... Oh, the word Sutra.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, Sutra means a brief book. Oh, oh, oh, oh. Yay.

If you had come to the YSI program and to the next one coming up on... Eh, we don't know the date. Yeah, okay.

That's why they got the troops here. All right. Okay, DOR NA.

So anyway, DOR NA SHES PA NI RGYUD SOGS RGYUD PA YIN LA When he says the second DOR, when he says briefly put the second time, he's just talking about the main causes for definite good. Whereas the first briefly refers to... An interpretation?

[Speaker 2]
No.

[Speaker 1]
Oh, oh, oh, a fixed chunk. Yeah, a fixed number of results. Yeah, yeah.

So somebody should say, say DOD PA'I KHYEN. Everybody say DOD PA'I KHYEN.

[Speaker 2]
DOD PA'I KHYEN.

[Speaker 1]
It's the compositional fault of repetition. Okay, DOD PA'I KHYEN. Is he guilty of that fault?

No. No.

[Speaker 2]
Probably not.

[Speaker 1]
But he has repeated the same word twice in two lines. Why? One of the times was just to show the main cause.

Yeah, he was talking about causes. The second one he was talking about... Results.

Results, good. Okay, cool. How are we doing on time?

Oh, by the way, tomorrow is Seichu, those of you who care. Those of you in Sedona, there's a Seichu, early Seichu. You can talk to John Bray...

No, just kidding. There's some plan. Okay, all right.

Six minutes, Geshe-la. All right, section three, we first... I usually put it in 16-point type for you, so you can see it easily.

Somebody... Yeah. Thanks, Word.

Were you commenting on my reading? What? No.

I'm honored. I know they're mixing that sweetie pie.

[Speaker 2]
Sorry, Kipu.

[Speaker 1]
At least Aaron's there to keep an eye on things.

[Speaker 2]
All right.

[Speaker 1]
Okay. So the features of the main two causes? Details of the main two causes?

He says there's a distinction between the two causes I'm going to present, where one is a big shot and one is just a normal guy. Aha. Tso and phelpa.

Okay. So I'm going to describe to you two different causes. One is a big shot, like lam tso nam sum, three principal paths.

And the other is just phelpa, like plain old guy.

[Speaker 2]
Aha.

[Speaker 1]
So tso phel means... It's one of these Tibetan words where you have a distinction between... Like size in Tibetan is called big small.

Weight is called light heavy. Length is called long short. Yeah, yeah, yeah.

So tso phel. Let's compare the relative importance of these two causes. You could say relative importance.

All right. I'm going to skip the root text because we're going to get it in the commentary. And who's going to check you?

Who can I torture next? Suking! Yes, sir.

I got to say, ever since Nick said that mixed nuts don't have to wear a tie and suit. All right. I'm buying.

Tell me about it. I'm going to have Shinti put a tie on you for two weeks. It's a gang meeting, right?

Or no, he's boring. He's always correct. Correct me.

You want to choose somebody from the audience? Yeah, sure. Go for it, Rob.

I can see.

[Speaker 3]
All right. I don't know that.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, you got it. She's super tired. She's super tired.

We're going to run out of time. Let's stop there. Let's stop there.

That's a good idea, Rob. You should get DEPA, but it's only really like a NGON DONG MA. Yeah, you should get faith, but that's just a preliminary practice.

Now he's quoting somebody. Let's see if Grandpa went and found it. He did not.

How about Nick find it? Okay. This is a quotation from somebody.

DEPA NGON DONG MA LTAR SKYES PA STE That's a quotation from somebody. Okay, making a note. Then there's another quotation from another, probably the same person.

DEPA'I TSAL BAR RAB BSTAN CHA By the way, the meter on that seems to indicate it comes from a work which is poetry.

[Speaker 2]
Okay.

[Speaker 1]
DEPA'I TSAL BAR RAB BSTAN CHA What does that mean? Make the TSAL BAR of your DEPA very DENPA. Make the root of your faith very firm.

Yeah, good. SHES GSUNGS PA LTAR As they say, as these two references indicate, and I don't know where they're from. They're probably some really common text.

DEPA CHUG KUN GYI TSAL BAR DEPA is CHUG KUN GYI TSAL BAR. Faith is the root of all Dharma. Good.

Therefore, we should try to be DEPA CHUG. Let's be faith havers. Let's be the faithful.

Yeah, and he's selling it as more like something to start with, and then later you get into knowledge. Okay. So, DEPA'I GEN DROG and RIG PA'I GEN DANG.

DEPA'I GEN DANG and RIG PA'I GEN DANG. Oh, those who follow the teachings based on faith, and those who follow the teachings based on logic. Yeah, and the second are called more intelligent.

But you can start with faith. You just have faith. You're attracted to a certain teacher, you follow them, and if you're lucky, they end up being a good one.

But it's faith and not understanding at first. So, you got it. You're lucky if you have faith in the right person.

Later you understand why. Okay. I'm going to stop there, Nate.

Cool, cool, cool. Thank you so much, Keshe-la. That was awesome.

You got it. And I'm very proud of you for finishing so much text and doing it so well. By the way, this text is something you can translate.

I believe you can translate it. If you just work hard, you can translate it. You don't need much help, actually.

Not quite, but yeah. Yeah, okay. All right.

Thank you so much, Keshe-la, and thank you everybody. No Netflix. No Netflix until the day's up, okay?

Oh, okay. But the other streaming services are okay, right? This is okay.

Thank you.

[Speaker 2]
Thank you, Keshe-la.

[Speaker 1]
Well, I'm his favorite movie, if you guys want. Say goodnight to her. All right.

See you guys in the morning. Great job, Nate. Very impressive.

You too. Yeah. All right.

I love all these books. This is great stuff. We're so lucky to be here.

I've been reflecting on that today. This is amazing. Now, if we could be here and all surf, that's another thing.

I'm a big advocate for everybody coming to a place near Sedona where you can surf. By the way, I found a surfing beach an hour from Kyoto. Oh, cool.

Nice. We hung out with the surfers, and we had fun. Awesome.

Good to know. It's a beautiful beach, by the way. The temperature of the water averages five degrees above San Diego the whole year.

I'm telling you the next big thing. Bye. Bye, Inara.

[Speaker 2]
Have a good night, morning, afternoon, day, evening.