Адам Андраде — Книга 2: Логика. Рассеивая тьму, занятие 11

[Speaker 1]
upon the other more major topics of Buddhist study. How does K.J. respond to this claim? Anybody?

I know he didn't like it, but I don't remember specifically what he said, but it looks like he said a lot. Yeah, so he typically said that logic is seasoning on the real books.

[Speaker 3]
No, that's what the opponent is saying.

[Speaker 1]
Right. Okay. Yeah, so maybe it'd just be better if we'll just go through this together then.

So K.J. says the seven volumes on accurate perception by master Dharmakirti present explanations of topics which are crucial to our spiritual development. K.J. stresses that there are no other topics which are more crucial in our practice of Tosan on the palm. He lists a few such examples.

How to discern which two of the four truths to take up and which two to put down. The fact that nothing is itself and using logic, all the crucial points of the path are presented for all three tracks. Therefore, the study of the seven volumes is not simply seasoning.

[Speaker 3]
That's cool.

[Speaker 1]
So number two, last class, we began looking at arguments that support the idea that studying the seven volumes is necessary. Which of the examples given to reinforce the idea, this idea that K.J. put forth as the main purpose of Buddhist logic?

[Speaker 3]
Is it to prove that the Buddha doesn't lie?

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, so, and yeah, it's kind of a long Tibetan phrase, but I thought it'd be kind of, it kind of seemed like a cool one to connect to memory as well. Toponyak chik drova, and toponyak chik, I think, means only the Muni, only the Muni. Toponyak chik drova dunyala, miluwe tse marjupa.

Kind of seems like a cool saying. What three features must speech possess for this to be considered as Lungyitimba? Lungyitimba.

Well, it was, we're simply referring to three qualities that the speech must possess.

[Speaker 3]
Something about the physical, is this about the physical?

[Speaker 1]
Well, the goal of the entire book up to this point has been specifically to benefit those who aspire towards liberation, right?

[Speaker 2]
And so it's kind of a three-step presentation, or it's three, it's a kind of a, there are kind of three different qualities that follow that.

[Speaker 3]
Obvious, less obvious. So it's not the, oh, right.

[Speaker 1]
So it expresses the final goal of all living beings, which is achieving liberation. It expresses the highest method for reaching that goal, and it expresses the connection between the method of attaining the goal and the goal itself.

[Speaker 3]
We've got seductive Tibetans. Whoa.

[Speaker 1]
I had to go to the, to the samsara? I'm seduced. Classroom time, contemplation, and meditation.

Yeah, so we kind of had all these throughout the universe. Okay, there, I finished it.

[Speaker 3]
What is that? Text?

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, it's a text. Yeah.

[Speaker 3]
That was fast.

[Speaker 1]
Yep. We can hear you. Oh, sorry.

I'm just improving on his text.

[Speaker 3]
I'm sorry.

[Speaker 1]
I'm going pee-pee. The lung, lung here doesn't mean scripture? Is it not, Adam?

No. Yeah, well, you know, if you're going to, if you're going to quote something as being scriptural authority, that has to come from a physical set of dharma, right? From the physical dharma.

I see. Yeah. So you're quoting the books.

I see. Thank you. I love your homeworks, Adam.

Thank you. Oh, no, thank you guys for, for being here. Yeah, I mean, I'm seduced, not just with the Tibetan words, but with the content too.

Oh, good. Yeah, I'll keep going to the, I'll see how many different, how many different words I can come up with.

[Speaker 3]
Sassy Tibetan words. Nice mountains, Adam.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, thanks. I keep, I keep looking for good, good backdrops.

[Speaker 3]
Where is that?

[Speaker 1]
It's right out my back window here.

[Speaker 3]
Oh my gosh.

[Speaker 1]
It's 6 a.m. in Arizona, and yet Geshe-la's window is still pretty bright.

[Speaker 3]
6 p.m., yeah. Sun's just about to set. I see, okay.

[Speaker 1]
Adam, is that the view from your window, or is that a, oh, I see, it's the actual, hey, background. Virtual. Hey, virtual.

Wow, beautiful. I thought it might actually be your view. Yeah.

Yeah, I like the view just, when the sun just about to come out, and when the sun just about to set. Those are so beautiful. The dawn and the dusk.

Geshe-la's got the best sunset time. Yes. Yes, he does.

That's amazing.

[Speaker 2]
You're muted, Lama.

[Speaker 1]
You're muted again.

[Speaker 3]
Maybe he's talking to the bird.

[Speaker 1]
Oh, yeah, he's talking to the chickmays. I was asking you guys if you can see the moon.

[Speaker 3]
The moon?

[Speaker 1]
There's more. There's a full moon today, right? No.

[Speaker 3]
Oh, there it is.

[Speaker 1]
Oh, yeah. Just above the horizon, right?

[Speaker 3]
And just below the bird feeder, or whatever. Whatever that is. Yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Okay, Adam, just so you know, God is mooning you, okay? We'll explain that to, yeah, I want you to explain that idiom to Xiaoping later, okay?

[Speaker 3]
Will do. Oh, I explained it to her before.

[Speaker 1]
Oh, okay, okay. I always like to embarrass Xiaoping. I don't know why.

It's fun for me. Okay, here we go. Adam, where are we?

Oh, here. Okay, good. Okay, here we go.

I would like Adam to read, Khidrupje just said, look, you got to do this gold checking thing because somebody told us to. Who's this somebody? It's Dharmakirti.

Where? In the Pramanavarttika, the root text on accurate perception, which Ben Kramer is fully are. And let's look at the pieces of this verse because we are going to read a commentary on it, Adam, and you're going to put it in your footnote.

Yay. Yay. So, what's the first line mean, Adam?

Tong da ma tongwa da la. Using reasoning to... Just give me the first line.

So things that are seen and not seen. Yeah, and there's the duo. Things that are seen and not seen are rikpay druk.

Are established through reasoning. Which use, yeah. Or are established through nu-mei ten-chu.

Through the classical commentaries which work, which don't work against. Good, nu-mei ten-chu means which have no logical inconsistencies, okay? Are not injured, okay?

So it brings up an interesting question. When I was doing the table of contents, I think the second chapter was nu-che, and it seemed to be like a typical kind of section heading within like Pramana books. I was just wondering what it was, like nu-che.

Is it? Yeah, nu-che probably means faulty reasoning, okay? Damaged reasoning, okay?

Okay, good. So the words of the shastra are not damaged, are not defective, okay? These, so-war ja-chir, in order to hold it, chun-ju gyur, you should engage in this examination.

Now, I thought it would be very fun for all of us to get a preview of whose commentary to this?

[Speaker 2]
Ben's, or Geshe Yeshe Wang, yeah.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, Geshe Yeshe Wang, the great, great scholar from the best monastery, Seramay, okay? And I think it's going to give you guys, and Ben, I think it's our first real taste of his skill. So here's a slightly confusing verse, and I went and got his commentary.

There's the root text, by the way, which is all spelled okay, yay, because it's K-dub-je, as we saw in Utpala's text. And here's Geshe Wangchuk, okay? By the way, Nick, what's an end editing level?

End, I think, is when it's published. Yeah, that means not only is it typed five times, but now it has been read by a master for publication. So really, the end level of correction is, by the way, there's only three or four books that have received that.

It means somebody like Geshe Thubten Minchen has checked it, word by word, a high Geshe has checked it word by word. Okay, so let's go, Adam. Please read these first two lines.

And this lady next to me is going to check you. Ha, ha, ha, here we go. MTHONG DANG MA MTHONG BA THAG LA RIG PA'I SGRUB DANG RANG TSIG GIS NUS MED KHYEN TZIG GANG YIN TE TSUNG BAR CHAG TSER CHEN GYI RGYUR Okay, nice.

She approves. By the way, Adam, this was the part that I did in those two books, and it was a lot of work. It was like six months of work, but I put in the rude text, yay, which doesn't require any knowledge at all.

All right. Okay. Let's read, let's read, oh yeah, what happened?

Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Don't do that. Sorry.

Okay, read this part, Adam. And who's going to check you is MTHONG DANG, yay.

[Speaker 2]
She's translating.

[Speaker 1]
Oh, I'm sorry. Stanley, you want to do it? Yeah.

Be hard on him. He's getting lazy. He's just sitting in the mountains in Colorado, drinking the Colorado beer.

[Speaker 2]
ZHES PA'I LUNG YIN PA TZAM GYIS MI LUS BAR YIN PAS MA CHAGS TE LUNG YID DE DAG GIS BOS LA BTAGS PA NA THOB CHER NI NANG THOB KHAR BU BYED PAR MTHONG NGOS Yeah, just because something is LUNG doesn't mean it's MI LUS.

[Speaker 1]
What's that mean, Adam? Just because something is said, or should it be that, just because something doesn't mean it's invaluable. Good.

This LUNG means scripture. Yeah, just because something's spoken about it. Yeah, okay.

Yeah, just because somebody wrote a book about something doesn't mean it's accurate about what it's teaching, okay? MA CHAGS, not necessarily, okay? If you BTAGS PA, the DON of most LUNGs.

Yeah, if you understand the meaning of those books. Yeah, BTAGS PA means check. This BTAGS PA means check.

[Speaker 3]
Yeah, yeah.

[Speaker 1]
If you check most scriptural quotations, PHAL CHEN NANG RGYAL A majority of them are free of inconsistencies. Yeah, they have internal contradictions, okay? We had a big NANG RGYAL recently.

Whose book was that? I don't remember. Okay.

NANG RGYAL SPYOD PA MTHONG NGO You will see or you will find that they express SPYOD PA, NANG RGYAL, internal contradictions, okay? The boss? What's that?

What's with the page number? Yeah, we designed that to be the page number in the finished Western style book. And I'm guessing this is the fourth chapter.

Okay. We designed, it's the page numbers of the book we were about to print. By the way, Ben, it'd be really awesome to get the latest version of those books before you start your project.

It's possible that someone has made corrections. That was done, we did that project 33 years ago. Something like that.

So it's possible someone has fixed the errors in the first edition. So I would ask Yenden to get you a recent copy. It's also possible nobody worked on it since then.

Okay. Okay, who's going to check this guy? Okay, Alex, Rivas, let's go.

GYIS PA STE. BYAGS SOGS CHOS MIN PAS RTZA BA THANG CHOS KYI CHOS MIN GRIG PA RTZA BA NI MED DAG PAR MI GYUR BAR BYAS PA DE'O DE'O Perfect. I'm not quite sure what he's saying here, but I'll give you the pieces.

GRI PA STE is like that. BYAGS SOGS CHOS MIN PAS RTZA BA The root of desire, which is non-dharma. The root of desire, which is non-dharma.

CHOS KYI CHOS MIN GRI PA RTZA BA NI MED DAG PAR GYUR BAR BYAS PA Oh, okay. Yeah, okay, good. He's talking about books which teach desire, or sex, for example, as a spiritual method, okay?

Which is actually the opposite. And then practices which are not dharma, which is the belief that you can takpa your dikpas from their tsawa by true. Yeah, you can purify your bad deeds from the root by washing your root.

Yeah, by washing, getting some holy washing or something like that, okay? That that's going to clean away your bad deeds. He gives those as example of internal contradictions, okay?

All right, so teaching people, for example, that sex is a spiritual path when it's really the root of non-spiritual path. And then teaching people that the way to clean your bad deeds is to go to the temple and get somebody to put water on your head, okay? All right, now he's going to gloss the verse.

And to be frank, he does a masterful job. And I have put the root text in the larger letters. That's what I was doing with Jigme during your homework.

So I hope you don't mind. Here we go. No, thanks.

,THONG BA MNGON GYUR DGOS GYUR DAG, ,LA RIG PA'I BCUG PA DANG, Wait, wait, wait, who's checking you? Alex, Alex, keep going. Okay, please start again.

Sorry, Adam. ,THONG BA MNGON GYUR DGOS GYUR DAG, ,LA RIG PA'I BCUG PA DANG, ,MA THONG BA ZHIN DU GOS GYUR LA, ,RANG GCIG RGYAL BA TSOR GYI, ,DNGOS PA MED PA'I THAMS CAD DANG YIN PA'I DE NYID, Yeah, and the first thing I have to say, I mean, I'm kind of drawing Ben Kramer's attention to it. He's done a masterful job of weaving in the root text.

If you spend a lot of time with scripture, you have to say, he's did it really, really well. And it's going to be easier to translate because of that. So the root text said, things seen and unseen.

The root text said, the Pramanavarttika said, things seen and unseen. Then Geshe Yeshe Wangchuk defines seen as the two levels of reality called MNGON GYUR and GOS GYUR. What's that, Adam?

Manifest and hidden. Yeah, of the three levels of reality, it's the first two, right? Easier to see and medium hard to see.

For those, you're going to, to confirm them, DROD PA, to confirm things which are apparent and to confirm things which are somewhat hidden, you're going to have to use RIG PA. Reasoning. Yeah, you're going to have to use logic.

By the way, don't forget the thread of our conversation. We are addressing the ideas of people who said that logic is useless. For the basic levels of reality, you're going to have to use logic to perceive them.

And for the levels of reality which are SHIN TU GO GYUR, extremely hidden, which are called MA LTONG BA here. Unseen. Yeah, unseen.

You're going to have to use DEN CHA. The chakras, the classical. Yeah, scriptural authority, right?

You're going to have to use the scriptural authority. And that scriptural authority should be free of NUS PA, meaning it shouldn't have GEL BA in its SIG. I see.

Okay, that's what the NUS PA means. Okay. What's it mean?

That it's free of things that work against it, meaning the internal inconsistencies. Yeah, it shouldn't have any problems, basically. For example, inconsistencies in its own wording.

Okay, in its own wording. So, he's saying not like those statements that, you know, sex is a great practice, and you can clean away your bad deeds with water, okay? And, Alex, you still there?

Let's do the rest of this, Adam. Okay. Let's do these four lines.

Okay. Yeah, good. Good.

By the way, it's a beautiful commentary. If you can read Tibetan well, it's a beautiful commentary. I got to show you guys the moon.

The moon is awesome. Can you see it now? Oh, I can barely make it out.

Yeah, right there by the... Oh, yeah.

[Speaker 3]
Is that thing rising? We can see now. Whoa.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah. It's just rising? Yeah, it's just rising.

Oh, cool, yes. It's a sign. It's a sign that Ben Kramer is going to get clarification of this commentary.

Okay. GYUR LA BSTAN NAS Based on those scriptures, based on good scriptural authority, which doesn't have internal contradictions, which is not damaged by internal contradiction, you can engage in an investigation of SHIN KHOG. What's SHIN KHOG?

[Speaker 3]
SHIN KHOG. The third level.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, yeah. Very hidden things. Obtruse recondite things.

You can engage in them. Why? Because it is LUNG, it is scripture, which can be considered SUNG BAR BYA.

It is scripture which can be considered DUG BYED about Shinto cultures. Valid to prove or valid to establish deeply hidden topics. Now he gave us a very, very helpful clarification because in that root text up there, God knows what the SUNG BAR BYA is.

It's not clear at all. It is to be held. What do you mean it is to be held?

I'm supposed to hold the book? What does it mean? Again, Yeshe Wangchuk says, it is to be held means it can be considered proof for deep things.

DUG BYED So, it can be held means it can be held to be. This DU is the daily grammar case. It can be considered proof.

Good scripture, authoritative scripture can be considered proof for things that it's impossible for us to see even with logic. LUNG YIN PA'I PHYIR Then he makes a beautiful final statement. TSE MA RGYUR PA'I LUNG NGOS SUNG BA TSE MA RGYUR PA'I LUNG NGOS SUNG BA $50 I can say it.

You can't, Nick. Don't let word get out of money. Oh.

Hold on to the... By the scriptures... Oh, we can hold on to the scriptures of the ones who have turned correct.

Hey, don't tell word. I'm going to give you a word here, okay, Nick? Just between us.

This LUNG NGOS SUNG is LUNG YIN LUNG YIN, which means identify. Right, right, right. Oh, identify, right, right.

Now give it to me. Recognize the scriptures of the ones who have turned correct. Say it again.

Recognize the scriptures of the ones who have turned correct or have become correct. Yeah. What it means, Geshe Yeshe Wangchuk's final statement here is this verse is identifying what it means to be authoritative scripture.

Okay, so I'll give you $30, Nick. Cool. Okay.

All right. All right. This verse is explaining how you identify scripture, which is correct instead of like those other examples he gave.

Cool? Yay. Now, last thing, Adam.

Why the heck is he pulling out this verse? Why is Khenpoche pulling out this verse? Was he trying to address Shintokukyos?

No. Well, he just explained the thing that's stolen from the Karwa. From the who?

Karwa. Oh, blacksmith. Yeah, from, yeah.

If I can remember what you just said last class. Yeah. He's explaining gold.

He's talking about the gold metaphor. Okay. He says, there's what the gold metaphor means.

Three levels of reality, three ways of checking. Okay. Got it?

Who gave that gold metaphor? Lord Buddha. Don't tell me Buddha's scripture can't have logic in it.

He's still ragging on this guy. Okay. Yay.

All right. Now we need another checker. How about...

Is Ola translating? No. We're not.

Okay, Ola. Let's go. Okay, Adam, let's go.

Let me get this bigger for you guys if I can. Let me see. There we go.

Please read, Adam. Boy, I don't remember reading this. Let me see.

NYANG NA RJOD RJE RDZO BO SEMS MED THUB PAR GRUB MED DE'I DANG SONG PA PO'I PHYIS YIN PAS BDAG GIS RJOD RJE DONG PHAL BA DONG PA I think this should just be one DONG PA. I want you to check, all right? Okay.

PHAL BA DONG PA NAM KHYER MED DUG PA YIN TE RDZO BA'I DONG NA MI NUS PA PHAL BA'I DONG NA NUS Very good. Okay, good. NYANG NA means also we can say that...

RJOD RJE means what, Adam, do you remember? It's one of the... The subject matter.

Yeah, great. Beautiful. And RDZO BO means what?

The essence, the primary. Yeah, like LAM TSUL NAM TSUL. Tell me something about the position of the word TSOL here.

In between SEMS MED and RJOD. The word TSOL requires the genitive before it. Okay, it's very unusual.

It's extremely unusual. So it means the main subject matter. But in Tibetan you have to say the main of the subject matter.

Many, many people have mistranslated the simple name of the three principal paths. They call it the three principles of the path because they don't know this fact. RJOD RJE TSOL The main subject matter.

SEMS MED DUG PA is confirmed by... PHA RANG RANG Accurate perception. Yeah, accurate perception.

And now, why the second DRUG? Once you prove that the main subject matter... That establishing...

Once you prove that establishing subject matter. Once you prove that the main subject matter is confirmed by accurate perception, okay? That's why we have two DRUG PAS here.

Once you confirm that the main subject matter of a text is... What do you call it? Confirmed as accurate.

Once you confirm that the main subject matter of a text is confirmable with correct perception, okay? And then, because the Tsongpapo is the same of the main subject matter and the secondary subject matter... Author.

Yeah, because the author of the main subject matter is the same guy as the author of the secondary subject matter, BDAG GIS Okay? Using that as a reason. Hey, why is the whole book good?

Well, because the main point is good and the author of the other points is the same guy. You use that reason. BDAG GIS Hey, how do you know that the minor subject matter is also correct?

Well, the author is the same. The author is one guy. Okay, got it, Adam?

Okay. Therefore, DRU BYED DONG PHEL BA means the normal subject matter as opposed to the TSOG LO subject matter. Okay?

The normal subject matter as opposed to the main subject matter, okay? DONG PA RNAMS The parts which teach, that's why there should only be one DONG PA here. The parts which present the normal subject matter as opposed to the principal subject matter, they can be established, DRU PA, as being KHYIM MED.

Real problem. Yeah, and now I'm going to give you half the next sentence, and you're going to give me the other half of the next sentence for $50, for the Eva College Fund, okay? Because it would be illogical for an author to make a mistake about the blank if he had not made a mistake about the blank.

You fill in the rest. To make a mistake about the JJA, the subject matter. About the PHEL BA, about the PHEL BA JJA.

About the normal subject matter. Yeah, if he had not made a mistake about the… The main, the TSOG LO.

Yeah, yeah. So how can we expect that the author… The author didn't make a mistake with the main subject matter.

How can we expect him to make a mistake? Yeah, and logically, it would be illogical to say that he had made a mistake about, you know, the wording or something, okay? Yay, $50 shopping for the Eva Scholarship Fund.

When these kids turn out to be super smart, it's going to be because of these classes. All right.

[Speaker 3]
So that's a proof? I mean, that just sounds like a statement of opinion to me.

[Speaker 1]
Well, I'd say it's a pretty weak proof, actually. I mean, lots of authors make true statements in their book and mess up in between the two statements, but okay, let's leave it like that. Okay, Adam, you're reading and Venerable Utpal is checking because she's just so anxious to check something.

[Speaker 3]
There's no G.

[Speaker 1]
What's that? I'm sorry. Which one?

[Speaker 3]
After lung. It sounded like gi to me and not gi.

[Speaker 1]
I'll try that. Nice. Yay.

Jirga means subject matter, right? So the subject matter which is presented by this scriptural authority, okay? Lung gi tenpay jirga.

The subject matter which is presented by this scriptural authority is what? Well, it's how to get to the nunto, which means dendro. It's the higher rebirth.

Yeah, which means happy going, which is synonym, right? Gopang means that state or that level. And how to get the ngelek, which means tarpa.

I'm sorry, ngelek, which means tarpa and tantric kimba together. Ngelek means a certain good, definite good.

[Speaker 2]
Definite good, yeah.

[Speaker 1]
And it's a code word for? Tarpa, for nirvana, for freedom. And tantric kimba.

And omniscience. Yeah, so these books are presenting the idea of higher birth. And these books are presenting the idea of definite good in the sense of nirvana and Buddhahood, okay?

And they're also presenting the tub for those guys. The methods, yeah. Yeah, now, Adam, question for you.

Higher birth, going to higher birth, the existence of higher birth, existence of nirvana, existence of Buddhahood, which of the three levels of nirvana? Mantra. Say again?

Mantra. Say again? Well, which of the three levels?

Oh, good answer, great answer. Mantra means what? Unseen, they're unseen.

Yeah, you cannot directly see them, they are unseen. Therefore, they are shintu. Kokyu.

Kokyu, yeah, okay, good. What he's saying is, you're going to need a scripture to study Buddhism, okay? Because the most important parts of Buddhism cannot be seen by a normal person, okay?

Which leads, okay, well, we'll get there, okay. Wow, this is a long sentence. I'm going to cut it here.

Okay, Adam's reading. Who's checking him? Catherine Yen, are you available?

Yes, Geshe-la. Come on, be tough with this guy. You're so polite.

Be like an American, don't be like a Chinese. Impolite. Yeah, nice.

Wang du chen ne means relative to, okay? Wang du chen ne means relative to. Or you can say in common English, if you're talking about, okay, Wang, if you're talking about the rungpas to get things in your gyu.

To get things in your mind. The stages. Yeah, if you're talking about the stages in which you get these things in your mind, well, first you're going to have to get mental.

Yeah, well, first you're going to have to get higher rebirth. Yeah, from a squirrel rebirth, you cannot study nirvana and Buddhahood. Especially my squirrel, who just did $6,000 of damage to my car.

I don't know why he's on my mind. Wow. Okay.

So, first job we have is to get our rear ends into a higher rebirth. Then we can do kneeling. Definite goodness.

Yeah, and there was a famous chi in Sugeng's text. Who can tell me for $50? Next.

Later. Later. Wait, I think Adam got it.

Was that you, Adam? I mean, I said later, but I counted at the same time. Okay, $50 for Eva.

$50 for Eva. I'm into it. Okay.

First, dung bur. First, dung bur. You better get into a higher rebirth because you can't study Buddhism if you don't.

Then after that, chi, you can work on nirvana and Buddhahood, which is called definite good. DGE LAS Or, now here's an important clarification, Adam. If you're talking in terms of the main subject matter and the rest of the subject matter, DBANG DU BYAS NA means if you're talking about the main subject matter and the normal subject matter, which was important in the last paragraph.

Last paragraph he said, if an author gets the main point right, he's probably going to get the rest of the book right. Now, in these books, Buddhist scripture, what does main refer to? And what does the rest of it refer to?

Well, DGE LAS GYIS RTZOGS That aspiring towards liberation and towards definite goodness is the main subject matter. And what's the normal stuff in between? YIN MA Just NGON THO Yeah, NGON THO is the higher...

Yeah, keeping your rear end in a higher rebirth is the filler. In between the main points. Okay, cool.

Now we know what he meant when he said, if the author is correct about nirvana and Buddhahood, he's probably got it pretty good about how to become a human. Got it? Yay, here we go.

Please read and... Who's left out there? I think we got rid of everybody.

How about Seiji? Okay, Mr. Maitri. Let's go.

Wow. NYID NI BDAG CES RAG TU NGES PA'I NYID TSOR BA'I DON LA MI RLU'I PHYIR GZHAN LA RJES SU PHAG PA YIN PHYIR BSHAD PA'I LTAR ROL Nice. Now, if we're talking about the order in which stuff occurs in your mind, well, first you're going to have to get the causes for higher rebirth, and then you're going to have to get the causes for nirvana and Buddhahood.

If you're talking about main subject and secondary subject, well, the main thing is to get the nirvana and Buddhahood, and the secondary thing is to stay in a higher rebirth. But if you're talking about confirming this stuff, if you're talking about confirming this stuff with correct perception, well, first you're going to have to confirm NGES LEGS and THOB. Or the method for establishing...

You have to establish the goal and then the method for reaching the goal. Yeah, you're going to have to... Talking about what you have to confirm first, you're going to have to confirm the existence of nirvana and Buddhahood and the path first.

Then you can go about confirming NGON THOB. Higher, higher. That seems wrong to me.

Doesn't it seem wrong to you guys? It just seems weird to me.

[Speaker 3]
Why would you do good if you don't want to reach nirvana or Buddhahood? That doesn't create a powerful enough motivation to actually reach it. So you have to know it's there first, right?

[Speaker 1]
Well, it's kind of an intriguing question. I'll say it again. When you're confirming the truth of all this stuff, first you have to confirm that nirvana and Buddhahood are possible.

Then you have to confirm that you can reach a higher birth. Now, I don't know why, but luckily he quotes... Guess which book?

[Speaker 3]
Pramanavarttika.

[Speaker 1]
Yeah, Pramanavarttika. Here it is. I went and got it for you.

Khenpo is careful about his quotations. Or maybe the tengyur was more set by his time. What are we hoping for after we confirm the root text?

Maybe Geshe Yeshe Wongchuk coming in? Yeah! Hey, who's coming up?

Geshe Yeshe Wongchuk! Can you help us out here, Geshe Yeshe Wongchuk? We got to ask.

K.W.J. keeps quoting. By the way, I'll tell you guys something. Verses from the Pramanavarttika are un-understandable by themselves.

Forget it. If someone quotes the Pramanavarttika in a book, you got to go to Geshe Yeshe Wongchuk. You don't have any choice.

There's almost no verse in the Pramanavarttika that you can figure out without a commentary. Geshe Yeshe Wongchuk is the only guy who really does it word by word. Did you notice that he covered every single word in the last one?

And that's very rare. Who was that, Maitri?

[Speaker 2]
No, it was Amalie. Sorry.

[Speaker 1]
Thank you, Amalie, for agreeing. Do you think the Pramanavarttika is the hardest of the five to understand the root text? Oh, man, you're trying to trick me.

Which of the Mixed Nuts book is most cool? I'm not going there. They're all most cool in the moment that you're working on them.

How much time we got, Nick?

[Speaker 3]
Four.

[Speaker 1]
We have just four minutes. Okay, let's start it. All right.

The character... Please read the first line, Adam. SUM PA TSE MAR BRAL PA'I DGOS PA NI Yeah.

The third point in our discussion is establishing the necessity for confirming things with... Sorry, for establishing that something is a correct perception. And Ben, he quotes eight lines.

TSE RGYAS Let's look at the lines and just see how much we can understand. Just as a housekeeping thing, the way I automated things was wrong. These commas belong here.

And they don't belong here. Okay, good. Let's get some of the words right, Adam.

And then maybe next time we figure out what the heck they mean. And I'll have time to block them, put them in bigger print for you. Okay, here we go.

What's YI CHE mean? Where did we have YI CHE recently? Like a belief, I'm not sure.

Yeah. Yeah, something you can believe. No, it's more like believable.

Okay, believable. SIG, okay. The words.

Yeah, MI LUA. Correct. Yeah, credible words are unmistaken.

CHI LE we don't know. It probably means in a general sense or something like that. YUL is KOK YUR.

Object is hidden. Yeah, the object is hidden. But even though that's the case, GO SKABS MED PA'I PHYIR Because there's no opportunity, mine should be BYAS PA.

Yeah. NYID DU GSUM Only deductive said the Buddha. LANG DANG MDOR BYED DE NYID NI The facts of what you should practice and what you shouldn't practice, the facts about what you should practice and shouldn't practice, along with the THOB, the method to do so, RAB TU NGES PA, you must confirm it.

You must confirm it. MTSOR BA'I DUN LA MI LUA'I PHYIR Because you are unmistaken about the main points, you have established the other points through logic, through inference. What were you supposed to confirm first, Adam?

Was it the YI CHEN? No.

[Speaker 3]
Nirvana and Buddhahood.

[Speaker 1]
Then you were supposed to confirm the method to get to it, right? Is it NGES LEGS? Yeah, NGES LEGS.

First you were supposed to confirm NGES LEGS and then you were supposed to confirm MUN TOG, which is higher rebirth. What this verse seems to say is that once you get the main thing right, the little stuff is easy. That seems to be what he is saying.

Let's do a little bit, if we have any time. Let's just start this commentary. Geshe Yeshe Wangchuk's commentary.

YI CHE ZIG NI MI LU BA'I YI CHE ZIG NI We are at time, boss. Let's do this part. YI CHE ZIG Incredible words, words you can't believe.

SHIN TU GOG YUR LTON PA'I which are talking about deeply hidden things. The Buddha's speech is treating things which are SHIN TU GOG YUR. When the Buddha talks about stuff that is deeply hidden, he is talking about deeply hidden stuff.

Something like that. Let's pick it up next time. All right, Adam.

Let's get some Japanese food going. I wanted to say, echoing what Dr. Wu did earlier with the butter lamp offerings as well. Without a doubt, you are the embodiment of the highest of my seeds.

I pray that they expand. Thank you for that. I appreciate it.

It's nice to get some appreciation once in a while. Grandpa gets very encouraged. All right, here we go, you guys.

[Speaker 2]
ZA SHI PO RGYUD GYUR CIG RIG TU GYUR GYI MED TOG THAMS RIG LA RING ZHIG LAS DANG I'm going to sing a little bit of a song that I'm going to play for you, and then I'm going to sing a little bit of a song that I'm going to play for you, and then I'm going to sing a little bit of a song that I'm going to play for you, and then I'm going to sing a little bit of a song that I'm going to play for you, and then I'm going to sing a little bit of

[Speaker 1]
a song that I'm going to play for you, and then I'm going to sing a little bit of a song that I'm going to play for you. And I'm going to sing a little bit of a song that I'm going to play for you.